{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR","short_pith_number":"pith:WRLV7W5C","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1303.2465","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2013-03-11T09:57:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"985576acd03c4f5abc578917716c632ec36457210f9e12bb2877d282e21c7d9d","abstract_canon_sha256":"3c395331c67bdb237035a45333270e871f12c8aeeb5c0a977ed5d81171df12af"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b4575fdba269118654217c07941390a461cef65cb8db196068491412a7db8927","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1303.2465","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1303.2465","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1303.2465v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.2465","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WRLV7W5CNEIY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WRLV7W5C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1303.2465","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2013-03-11T09:57:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"985576acd03c4f5abc578917716c632ec36457210f9e12bb2877d282e21c7d9d","abstract_canon_sha256":"3c395331c67bdb237035a45333270e871f12c8aeeb5c0a977ed5d81171df12af"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b4575fdba269118654217c07941390a461cef65cb8db196068491412a7db8927","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18.963807Z","signature_b64":"NwK02GWT5MvO3tYBQGTQYMfXvAisJrhM1nlw/Kf+EN0Tv1WyxfZJUsU/nmX+VoyT5EPLBSVgRa6PJCNkHMEnDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b4575fdba269118654217c07941390a461cef65cb8db196068491412a7db8927","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18.963053Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18.963053Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1303.2465","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tfMmzRB2Vrh6cw1IfBjnWsKgfHqOjjRTe6/kKs+s1/hbNMX5tDyI/ZQ8EERK/DyZMYEa25PF8xIjO8+omS1DBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T08:15:21.249403Z"},"content_sha256":"3b89e18e9b64a72d2d0bc254b710b39a9b8e0207e85e1a5627775ffc1d21541b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3b89e18e9b64a72d2d0bc254b710b39a9b8e0207e85e1a5627775ffc1d21541b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Low-Complexity Algorithm for Static Background Estimation from Cluttered Image Sequences in Surveillance Contexts","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Brian C. Lovell, Conrad Sanderson, Vikas Reddy","submitted_at":"2013-03-11T09:57:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"For the purposes of foreground estimation, the true background model is unavailable in many practical circumstances and needs to be estimated from cluttered image sequences. We propose a sequential technique for static background estimation in such conditions, with low computational and memory requirements. Image sequences are analysed on a block-by-block basis. For each block location a representative set is maintained which contains distinct blocks obtained along its temporal line. The background estimation is carried out in a Markov Random Field framework, where the optimal labelling soluti"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.2465","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VNW5BH8jJFvImzNPjvxNrfcFlXnLBB94/tXTRzmhwIQOvMXqHbw3AEwnLuQrWNTQuTLxQeIVyRFcCWFryk8bBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T08:15:21.249740Z"},"content_sha256":"e463edf372fdf08de62f07a6a9e86f63f9f9dc3afe71985cf0519562a0645528","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e463edf372fdf08de62f07a6a9e86f63f9f9dc3afe71985cf0519562a0645528"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T08:15:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBBPQDZIE4QUR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3c395331c67bdb237035a45333270e871f12c8aeeb5c0a977ed5d81171df12af","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2013-03-11T09:57:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"985576acd03c4f5abc578917716c632ec36457210f9e12bb2877d282e21c7d9d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1303.2465","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1303.2465","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1303.2465v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.2465","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WRLV7W5CNEIY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WRLV7W5CNEIYMVBB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WRLV7W5C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e463edf372fdf08de62f07a6a9e86f63f9f9dc3afe71985cf0519562a0645528","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"For the purposes of foreground estimation, the true background model is unavailable in many practical circumstances and needs to be estimated from cluttered image sequences. We propose a sequential technique for static background estimation in such conditions, with low computational and memory requirements. Image sequences are analysed on a block-by-block basis. For each block location a representative set is maintained which contains distinct blocks obtained along its temporal line. The background estimation is carried out in a Markov Random Field framework, where the optimal labelling soluti","authors_text":"Brian C. Lovell, Conrad Sanderson, Vikas Reddy","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2013-03-11T09:57:49Z","title":"A Low-Complexity Algorithm for Static Background Estimation from Cluttered Image Sequences in Surveillance Contexts"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.2465","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3b89e18e9b64a72d2d0bc254b710b39a9b8e0207e85e1a5627775ffc1d21541b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3c395331c67bdb237035a45333270e871f12c8aeeb5c0a977ed5d81171df12af","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2013-03-11T09:57:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"985576acd03c4f5abc578917716c632ec36457210f9e12bb2877d282e21c7d9d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1303.2465","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b4575fdba269118654217c07941390a461cef65cb8db196068491412a7db8927","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b4575fdba269118654217c07941390a461cef65cb8db196068491412a7db8927","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18.963053Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18.963053Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"NwK02GWT5MvO3tYBQGTQYMfXvAisJrhM1nlw/Kf+EN0Tv1WyxfZJUsU/nmX+VoyT5EPLBSVgRa6PJCNkHMEnDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:31:18.963807Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1303.2465","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3b89e18e9b64a72d2d0bc254b710b39a9b8e0207e85e1a5627775ffc1d21541b","sha256:e463edf372fdf08de62f07a6a9e86f63f9f9dc3afe71985cf0519562a0645528"],"state_sha256":"671c2d61171fb9d3eb96b6b7ff61648e83b0d45db4cf64b0eb895a098bc3715b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EaG6hCtr3XJ3XxkV64GtBkG0NXyIvBjRmWewhehwEyV3/MfniIpjyNySH4TBaCeZlTHlOe09ebatWqaBEazLBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T08:15:21.251711Z","bundle_sha256":"464ce955ba9803e7530b8e78f7557c4e87f0dfdbd8b9f1ff66478bfe4a47cede"}}