{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2008:WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7","short_pith_number":"pith:WTBSJOWX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0808.1666","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2008-08-12T13:49:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6eaf6d05ae2d12f850f1906ec0280f6fee82e094e0e918c7e39c9a0ef922fbe5","abstract_canon_sha256":"c00654a8d0bd265d26ea084358860338bbfe6f487428ad18c4a012b59b0983a0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b4c324bad7432bc09e192ac75644be97cb79971a4e5c602e85618cc015bb92d1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0808.1666","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0808.1666","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0808.1666v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0808.1666","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WTBSJOWXIMV4","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WTBSJOWX","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2008:WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0808.1666","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2008-08-12T13:49:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6eaf6d05ae2d12f850f1906ec0280f6fee82e094e0e918c7e39c9a0ef922fbe5","abstract_canon_sha256":"c00654a8d0bd265d26ea084358860338bbfe6f487428ad18c4a012b59b0983a0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b4c324bad7432bc09e192ac75644be97cb79971a4e5c602e85618cc015bb92d1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48.933507Z","signature_b64":"wOnkWKIecdCOIirNhcpI0bRhK5xQjc5eWvNQEYAxMCoKv/biOdDx8oNSBiuB6vFg410oOQ16/wjShzcKMtLcAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b4c324bad7432bc09e192ac75644be97cb79971a4e5c602e85618cc015bb92d1","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48.933074Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48.933074Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0808.1666","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZAw5cBDhaLwVvVKXXl/hZcZvXdGw6VCLNN0hd3Yz9UqnPdKJQdeyl84ByrudBu7RbFJsotGuWxx1YvZzvOs5Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T06:17:28.276631Z"},"content_sha256":"b4cb75a3561118132fce6f90722fbd69777c6572072cddfaf698d7d30a156c94","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b4cb75a3561118132fce6f90722fbd69777c6572072cddfaf698d7d30a156c94"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2008:WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Perfect excitation of a matter qubit by a single photon in free space","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Gerd Leuchs, Gernot Alber, Magdalena Stobi\\'nska","submitted_at":"2008-08-12T13:49:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a scheme for perfect excitation of a single two-level atom by a single photon in free space. The photon state has to match the time reversed photon state originating from spontaneous decay of a two-level system. We discuss its experimental preparation. The state is characterized by a particular asymmetric exponentially-shaped temporal profile. Any deviations from this ideal state limit the maximum absorption. Although perfect excitation requires an infinite amount of time we demonstrate that there is a class of initial one-photon quantum states which can achieve almost perfect absor"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0808.1666","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/0808.1666/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iqQQIETo8jKah4nWXCWC329UFwkIrRjP9wTi1AJtUfQ+dyfxORfWypZsMrGEku6IH1erYQ4Ld/gWC5cmZKnOAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T06:17:28.277138Z"},"content_sha256":"28979776a0466859b324145163f04f57cb4c9d58ea9ff9ea99ea04c55f5d19a1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:28979776a0466859b324145163f04f57cb4c9d58ea9ff9ea99ea04c55f5d19a1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T06:17:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2008:WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZFLDVMRF6S7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c00654a8d0bd265d26ea084358860338bbfe6f487428ad18c4a012b59b0983a0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2008-08-12T13:49:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"6eaf6d05ae2d12f850f1906ec0280f6fee82e094e0e918c7e39c9a0ef922fbe5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0808.1666","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0808.1666","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0808.1666v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0808.1666","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WTBSJOWXIMV4","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WTBSJOWXIMV4BHQZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WTBSJOWX","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:28979776a0466859b324145163f04f57cb4c9d58ea9ff9ea99ea04c55f5d19a1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/0808.1666/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We propose a scheme for perfect excitation of a single two-level atom by a single photon in free space. The photon state has to match the time reversed photon state originating from spontaneous decay of a two-level system. We discuss its experimental preparation. The state is characterized by a particular asymmetric exponentially-shaped temporal profile. Any deviations from this ideal state limit the maximum absorption. Although perfect excitation requires an infinite amount of time we demonstrate that there is a class of initial one-photon quantum states which can achieve almost perfect absor","authors_text":"Gerd Leuchs, Gernot Alber, Magdalena Stobi\\'nska","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2008-08-12T13:49:59Z","title":"Perfect excitation of a matter qubit by a single photon in free space"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0808.1666","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b4cb75a3561118132fce6f90722fbd69777c6572072cddfaf698d7d30a156c94","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c00654a8d0bd265d26ea084358860338bbfe6f487428ad18c4a012b59b0983a0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2008-08-12T13:49:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"6eaf6d05ae2d12f850f1906ec0280f6fee82e094e0e918c7e39c9a0ef922fbe5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0808.1666","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b4c324bad7432bc09e192ac75644be97cb79971a4e5c602e85618cc015bb92d1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b4c324bad7432bc09e192ac75644be97cb79971a4e5c602e85618cc015bb92d1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48.933074Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48.933074Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wOnkWKIecdCOIirNhcpI0bRhK5xQjc5eWvNQEYAxMCoKv/biOdDx8oNSBiuB6vFg410oOQ16/wjShzcKMtLcAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:27:48.933507Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0808.1666","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b4cb75a3561118132fce6f90722fbd69777c6572072cddfaf698d7d30a156c94","sha256:28979776a0466859b324145163f04f57cb4c9d58ea9ff9ea99ea04c55f5d19a1"],"state_sha256":"2a632fe74dccaa35736fece26936bbfba06f3a1ff0062545dca8a1f714f895bf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"b7bTs2o4hoYa3VXK0SxM+Ay/Ou1m19IlB7tBOhM38kw4EUXbnBXozfpg7LRxE3p3m/ujCGzMgXwQlkDmQw3oDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T06:17:28.280703Z","bundle_sha256":"71b91634e6f452ea6ff0ed9a45e134c9c3288b6abe1bf2718d00f9b4dbf5e244"}}