{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE","short_pith_number":"pith:WTPSNPPJ","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"b4df26bde94f0df4118e3ec54460bb49229630ff7a48161f335c0c7dcc2d59dd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2103.08723","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"To H0 or not to H0?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"George Efstathiou","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T21:10:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper investigates whether changes to late time physics can resolve the `Hubble tension'. It is argued that many of the claims in the literature favouring such solutions are caused by a misunderstanding of how distance ladder measurements actually work and, in particular, by the inappropriate use of a distance ladder H0 prior. A dynamics-free inverse distance ladder shows that changes to late time physics are strongly constrained observationally and cannot resolve the discrepancy between the SH0ES data and the base LCDM cosmology inferred from Planck. We propose a statistically rigorous s"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.08723","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T21:10:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ef80f8ffdc44b676b4379d5e40c90a650ee644bb3a5e8db4ae553e131262f093","abstract_canon_sha256":"3efc29e28940106691635b13cd664352a9257736ebb0c2a3ed3bf402c802673b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238390Z","signature_b64":"BOinLIqENWc/MuCw2YoODG22UjEGxvGL41L6oO+rxpqvQVSh0DkbdI7zjMQPiRtrUJwtzbLjppU0/L7uX1YzDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b4df26bde94f0df4118e3ec54460bb49229630ff7a48161f335c0c7dcc2d59dd","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.237948Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.237948Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"To H0 or not to H0?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"George Efstathiou","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T21:10:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper investigates whether changes to late time physics can resolve the `Hubble tension'. It is argued that many of the claims in the literature favouring such solutions are caused by a misunderstanding of how distance ladder measurements actually work and, in particular, by the inappropriate use of a distance ladder H0 prior. A dynamics-free inverse distance ladder shows that changes to late time physics are strongly constrained observationally and cannot resolve the discrepancy between the SH0ES data and the base LCDM cosmology inferred from Planck. We propose a statistically rigorous s"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.08723","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2103.08723/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.08723","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238000+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.08723v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238000+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.08723","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238000+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WTPSNPPJJ4G7","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238000+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMO","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238000+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WTPSNPPJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238000+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":11,"internal_anchor_count":1,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.08654","citing_title":"Can Distance Duality Violation Save Late-time Solutions to the Hubble Tension?","ref_index":15,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.20434","citing_title":"The Hubble tension: A decade review","ref_index":69,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.12822","citing_title":"Geometric obstruction to resolving the Hubble tension: orthogonality of scale and shape in distance measurements","ref_index":31,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.31362","citing_title":"Running into tension: primordial black holes from ultra-slow-roll inflation, spectral running, and the Hubble tension","ref_index":257,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.30903","citing_title":"Cosmological Concordance in an Especially Opaque Universe: A Tentative Cosmological Detection of Physical Neutrino Mass in $\\Lambda$CDM","ref_index":21,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2211.04492","citing_title":"The Hubble Tension and Early Dark Energy","ref_index":88,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2103.01183","citing_title":"In the Realm of the Hubble tension $-$ a Review of Solutions","ref_index":64,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.26560","citing_title":"Exploring the interplay of late-time dynamical dark energy and new physics before recombination","ref_index":147,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.27616","citing_title":"Model-independent test of the cosmic distance duality relation with recent observational data","ref_index":100,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.28013","citing_title":"Cosmological intercept tension","ref_index":25,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.25813","citing_title":"Geometric Constraints on the Pre-Recombination Expansion History from the Hubble Tension","ref_index":73,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE","json":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/WTPSNPPJ"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/WTPSNPPJ","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2103.08723&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/WTPSNPPJJ4G7IEMOH3CUIYF3JE/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238000+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T02:53:38.238000+00:00"}