{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2014:WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME","short_pith_number":"pith:WXZKPKNC","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"b5f2a7a9a2e29b8f0b60c5437e05ad61235588ddc7273a9698e0d4fac3a855d1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1407.1421","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Formation and X-ray emission from Hot Bubbles in Planetary Nebulae. I. Hot Bubble formation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"J.A. Toal\\'a, S.J. Arthur","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T17:32:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"We carry out high resolution two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic numerical simulations to study the formation and evolution of hot bubbles inside planetary nebulae (PNe). We take into account the evolution of the stellar parameters, wind velocity and mass-loss rate from the final thermal pulses during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) through to the post-AGB stage for a range of initial stellar masses. The instabilities that form at the interface between the hot bubble and the swept-up AGB wind shell lead to hydrodynamical interactions, photoevaporation flows and opacity variations. We expl"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.1421","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T17:32:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5f08719e842e87f9855ffec94ad467af3bd9098844df54d97baa620270a43966","abstract_canon_sha256":"a8528f00ae1739c05da01bf006c4d7f653cbb79b725b478a2bc97f193d44c466"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:41.694553Z","signature_b64":"vRGLmKJCt32C4XAZ1Kz2JpXSbyom5ZR647RoLty0Xl2+wIBjRwYiSoQDUgqUOvZrP9d54QKNg8Mpe278aT6lCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b5f2a7a9a2e29b8f0b60c5437e05ad61235588ddc7273a9698e0d4fac3a855d1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:41.693737Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:41.693737Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Formation and X-ray emission from Hot Bubbles in Planetary Nebulae. I. Hot Bubble formation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"J.A. Toal\\'a, S.J. Arthur","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T17:32:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"We carry out high resolution two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic numerical simulations to study the formation and evolution of hot bubbles inside planetary nebulae (PNe). We take into account the evolution of the stellar parameters, wind velocity and mass-loss rate from the final thermal pulses during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) through to the post-AGB stage for a range of initial stellar masses. The instabilities that form at the interface between the hot bubble and the swept-up AGB wind shell lead to hydrodynamical interactions, photoevaporation flows and opacity variations. We expl"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.1421","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.1421","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:41.693871+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.1421v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:41.693871+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.1421","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:41.693871+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WXZKPKNC4KNY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54.890064+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54.890064+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WXZKPKNC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54.890064+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME","json":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/WXZKPKNC"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/WXZKPKNC","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1407.1421&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/WXZKPKNC4KNY6C3AYVBX4BNNME/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:41.693871+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:41.693871+00:00"}