{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:WYCDO6THA2M42TH52IHP2SZIEG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"26188c65afcdaf05e0e4588d9627016d99a869e17b97430af03ccd0c7e25f986","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T14:16:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"6c1ebbfe85c69679ea08425cac4e1cadbc8661cd7a1a663f340629e59885f684"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1712.02837","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1712.02837","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1712.02837v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1712.02837","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WYCDO6THA2M4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WYCDO6THA2M42TH5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WYCDO6TH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d29d76cf29b8b1b3ef35a914cb7635d6a9c44e2eb793b54634609e9fec215d26","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Electro-optic modulation is a key function for data communication. Given the vast amount of data handled, understanding the intricate physics and trade-offs of modulators on-chip allows revealing performance regimes not explored yet. Here we show a holistic performance analysis for waveguide-based electro-absorption modulators. Our approach centers around material properties revealing obtainable optical absorption leading to effective modal cross-section, and material broadening effects. Taken together both describe the modulator physical behavior entirely. We consider a plurality of material ","authors_text":"Jacob B. Khurgin, Rubab Amin, Volker J. Sorger","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T14:16:24Z","title":"Waveguide based Electroabsorption Modulator Performance"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1712.02837","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c38b0dc9d8db4dfb0d88a45a881720cae3de0c3ab8f3411d5229260915cd1e1b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"26188c65afcdaf05e0e4588d9627016d99a869e17b97430af03ccd0c7e25f986","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T14:16:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"6c1ebbfe85c69679ea08425cac4e1cadbc8661cd7a1a663f340629e59885f684"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1712.02837","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b604377a670699cd4cfdd20efd4b2821a5f2aaafd71329a23409e93e75c4c806","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b604377a670699cd4cfdd20efd4b2821a5f2aaafd71329a23409e93e75c4c806","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:39.672591Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:39.672591Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GV+umqG4LxUbnk5EjkMjn+kaj2e0xhBDfMPtEioM9qI9KcNe6774+LUfEiAsgGuTHFsW4tJLpcR7WicZ4+3kBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:39.673421Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1712.02837","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c38b0dc9d8db4dfb0d88a45a881720cae3de0c3ab8f3411d5229260915cd1e1b","sha256:d29d76cf29b8b1b3ef35a914cb7635d6a9c44e2eb793b54634609e9fec215d26"],"state_sha256":"a9d64ef82693176d82c4adc60a0e1f88733dd99880e6c40c3c116e99d9bd4c62"}