{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2006:X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB","short_pith_number":"pith:X3A7C6IX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0603627","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2006-03-23T08:19:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"22c87f7ac786040df6f52a92dd55ae4dee23d316d16c9b23179e43de8d2948e7","abstract_canon_sha256":"d5fde99d8f030cc12aabff105f838b881f516d3971d3e1dc056ae59f52572d59"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bec1f17917277ee8d82356b9d0a201806cd61d4d848643d1f07ceaf9a7077b15","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0603627","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0603627","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0603627v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0603627","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X3A7C6IXE57O","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X3A7C6IXE57ORWBD","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X3A7C6IX","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2006:X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0603627","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2006-03-23T08:19:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"22c87f7ac786040df6f52a92dd55ae4dee23d316d16c9b23179e43de8d2948e7","abstract_canon_sha256":"d5fde99d8f030cc12aabff105f838b881f516d3971d3e1dc056ae59f52572d59"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bec1f17917277ee8d82356b9d0a201806cd61d4d848643d1f07ceaf9a7077b15","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29.559380Z","signature_b64":"1XRQgLQNR2+kg3IYcffrgteVFNfM6s0ygUSIjOikoOCaDnnVMmJWhU/yOdGN5x2skdLjbwZbsj2zVwdI02+LCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bec1f17917277ee8d82356b9d0a201806cd61d4d848643d1f07ceaf9a7077b15","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29.558949Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29.558949Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0603627","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SMvSl5XcAabS6taW45NWrkgL7zAQs7YToGXZeJmI+l5nsHEWA6InCN6zYH4qgO1eZp4ABBYf+SFzv+uHoKjDCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T06:28:41.905800Z"},"content_sha256":"e9224ccae9baa29de5e8c9b673feb582c0aaf9529a27b1d735a39fc01a5bc5f4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e9224ccae9baa29de5e8c9b673feb582c0aaf9529a27b1d735a39fc01a5bc5f4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2006:X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Jet Sideways Expansion Effect on Estimating the Gamma-Ray Burst Efficiency","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"J. M. Bai, Xiaohong Zhao","submitted_at":"2006-03-23T08:19:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"The high efficiency of converting kinetic energy into gamma-rays estimated with late-time afterglows in Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) phenomenon challenges the commonly accepted internal-shock model. However, the efficiency is still highly uncertain because it is sensitive to many effects. In this Letter we study the sideways expansion effect of jets on estimating the efficiency. We find that this effect is considerable, reducing the efficiency by a factor of $\\sim0.5$ for typical parameters, when the afterglow data $\\sim 10$ hr after the GRB trigger are used to derive the kinetic energy. For a more d"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0603627","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0603627/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/c+tqwBz7o/KgxdQHe+HjGxdqo1KUzUVsr2HHMsecFV592uKD/OiqvnYOmom9eEz5RZ4v/WpdWP2avcmprEZDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T06:28:41.906434Z"},"content_sha256":"68e4ab16b5ed580ff4b20a5aeb914ff8d21ad1ebf9aa3dad3bd5ed51c3e60367","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:68e4ab16b5ed580ff4b20a5aeb914ff8d21ad1ebf9aa3dad3bd5ed51c3e60367"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T06:28:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2006:X3A7C6IXE57ORWBDK245BIQBQB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d5fde99d8f030cc12aabff105f838b881f516d3971d3e1dc056ae59f52572d59","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2006-03-23T08:19:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"22c87f7ac786040df6f52a92dd55ae4dee23d316d16c9b23179e43de8d2948e7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0603627","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0603627","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0603627v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0603627","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X3A7C6IXE57O","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X3A7C6IXE57ORWBD","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X3A7C6IX","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:68e4ab16b5ed580ff4b20a5aeb914ff8d21ad1ebf9aa3dad3bd5ed51c3e60367","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0603627/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The high efficiency of converting kinetic energy into gamma-rays estimated with late-time afterglows in Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) phenomenon challenges the commonly accepted internal-shock model. However, the efficiency is still highly uncertain because it is sensitive to many effects. In this Letter we study the sideways expansion effect of jets on estimating the efficiency. We find that this effect is considerable, reducing the efficiency by a factor of $\\sim0.5$ for typical parameters, when the afterglow data $\\sim 10$ hr after the GRB trigger are used to derive the kinetic energy. For a more d","authors_text":"J. M. Bai, Xiaohong Zhao","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2006-03-23T08:19:19Z","title":"Jet Sideways Expansion Effect on Estimating the Gamma-Ray Burst Efficiency"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0603627","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e9224ccae9baa29de5e8c9b673feb582c0aaf9529a27b1d735a39fc01a5bc5f4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d5fde99d8f030cc12aabff105f838b881f516d3971d3e1dc056ae59f52572d59","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2006-03-23T08:19:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"22c87f7ac786040df6f52a92dd55ae4dee23d316d16c9b23179e43de8d2948e7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0603627","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"bec1f17917277ee8d82356b9d0a201806cd61d4d848643d1f07ceaf9a7077b15","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bec1f17917277ee8d82356b9d0a201806cd61d4d848643d1f07ceaf9a7077b15","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29.558949Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29.558949Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1XRQgLQNR2+kg3IYcffrgteVFNfM6s0ygUSIjOikoOCaDnnVMmJWhU/yOdGN5x2skdLjbwZbsj2zVwdI02+LCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:58:29.559380Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0603627","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e9224ccae9baa29de5e8c9b673feb582c0aaf9529a27b1d735a39fc01a5bc5f4","sha256:68e4ab16b5ed580ff4b20a5aeb914ff8d21ad1ebf9aa3dad3bd5ed51c3e60367"],"state_sha256":"896368586f61ab5aa28f5793c176cd7643c5533f84ac854636bc07b218f354ee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ENaqxP03NHckMEisP1jmvdRNm/FsKOhjzp8O4KC3Ha0VGCYXMBCL4WWSb66/zYyipOENqF+UaGOHlGP0sxBgCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T06:28:41.909737Z","bundle_sha256":"8ccebe6533c139370871252b8061c0b8b8c4bd322868d55e24d1542d16d0f5fb"}}