{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO","short_pith_number":"pith:X4SJA5XO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.13170","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2025-01-22T19:01:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"be63020a6769a4bf63b1b276c4084842c11f01df463db8a0998004b260574845","abstract_canon_sha256":"beee786023e0cfe1c91db89eb6ca0976e71152769f5c8bc12397d9e3759cb9d2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bf249076eee654d8d400c05e5805dfaba6fe7683c490bbb9018340cf9ace4193","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2501.13170","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.13170","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.13170v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.13170","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X4SJA5XO4ZKN","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAA","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X4SJA5XO","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.13170","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2025-01-22T19:01:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"be63020a6769a4bf63b1b276c4084842c11f01df463db8a0998004b260574845","abstract_canon_sha256":"beee786023e0cfe1c91db89eb6ca0976e71152769f5c8bc12397d9e3759cb9d2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bf249076eee654d8d400c05e5805dfaba6fe7683c490bbb9018340cf9ace4193","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51.872267Z","signature_b64":"VKAxN1cuv6qJKBtrLat8MguZjN0xjDllunKg2IMCwGfrwmVRVIqpZSQL2KQrkuXZdr3nq/qL+Fd0u/Vj/oSBDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bf249076eee654d8d400c05e5805dfaba6fe7683c490bbb9018340cf9ace4193","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51.871833Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51.871833Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2501.13170","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tUWIebMLMNVil49SVW5rucHyPIFr69IgImFy5Sq1UOBQRBH0fHqs1G5ygrnmD1h1WyEARX6pNN46KpLtq4PYCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T09:31:51.041479Z"},"content_sha256":"d690818c3b4fb4ed869c5666a92f6f2ef5b41931a9d780d92eae685129723e46","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d690818c3b4fb4ed869c5666a92f6f2ef5b41931a9d780d92eae685129723e46"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Non-equilibrium ionization in the multiphase circumgalactic medium -- impact on quasar absorption-line analyses","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Hsiao-Wen Chen, Suyash Kumar","submitted_at":"2025-01-22T19:01:06Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper presents an updated framework for studying the ionizing conditions and elemental abundances of photoionized, metal-enriched quasar absorption systems. The standard assumption of ionization equilibrium invoked in absorption line analyses requires gas to cool on longer timescales than ionic recombination (t_cool >> t_rec). However, this assumption may not be valid at high metallicities due to enhanced cooling losses. This work presents a suite of time-dependent photoionization (TDP) models that self-consistently solve for the ionization state of rapidly cooling gas irradiated by the e"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.13170","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2501.13170/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CMDvdpnxKZlBBBY9eSKtWii+cg3i7AbKJPU4UF6hTrpjl3jI9LtHMsRmSROEGbV2BsRU3A0Jd65LZ4l+k0c+BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T09:31:51.042024Z"},"content_sha256":"8efb2c39f4f65d74d7f793977878c77648907ea6c811f07afbb1681e7f840bb0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8efb2c39f4f65d74d7f793977878c77648907ea6c811f07afbb1681e7f840bb0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-14T09:31:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAAYBPFQBO7VO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"beee786023e0cfe1c91db89eb6ca0976e71152769f5c8bc12397d9e3759cb9d2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2025-01-22T19:01:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"be63020a6769a4bf63b1b276c4084842c11f01df463db8a0998004b260574845"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.13170","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.13170","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.13170v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.13170","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X4SJA5XO4ZKN","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X4SJA5XO4ZKNRVAA","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X4SJA5XO","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8efb2c39f4f65d74d7f793977878c77648907ea6c811f07afbb1681e7f840bb0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2501.13170/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper presents an updated framework for studying the ionizing conditions and elemental abundances of photoionized, metal-enriched quasar absorption systems. The standard assumption of ionization equilibrium invoked in absorption line analyses requires gas to cool on longer timescales than ionic recombination (t_cool >> t_rec). However, this assumption may not be valid at high metallicities due to enhanced cooling losses. This work presents a suite of time-dependent photoionization (TDP) models that self-consistently solve for the ionization state of rapidly cooling gas irradiated by the e","authors_text":"Hsiao-Wen Chen, Suyash Kumar","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2025-01-22T19:01:06Z","title":"Non-equilibrium ionization in the multiphase circumgalactic medium -- impact on quasar absorption-line analyses"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.13170","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d690818c3b4fb4ed869c5666a92f6f2ef5b41931a9d780d92eae685129723e46","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"beee786023e0cfe1c91db89eb6ca0976e71152769f5c8bc12397d9e3759cb9d2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2025-01-22T19:01:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"be63020a6769a4bf63b1b276c4084842c11f01df463db8a0998004b260574845"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.13170","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"bf249076eee654d8d400c05e5805dfaba6fe7683c490bbb9018340cf9ace4193","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bf249076eee654d8d400c05e5805dfaba6fe7683c490bbb9018340cf9ace4193","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51.871833Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51.871833Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VKAxN1cuv6qJKBtrLat8MguZjN0xjDllunKg2IMCwGfrwmVRVIqpZSQL2KQrkuXZdr3nq/qL+Fd0u/Vj/oSBDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:40:51.872267Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2501.13170","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d690818c3b4fb4ed869c5666a92f6f2ef5b41931a9d780d92eae685129723e46","sha256:8efb2c39f4f65d74d7f793977878c77648907ea6c811f07afbb1681e7f840bb0"],"state_sha256":"4fc92663a330aa8337f1e0bdc75ae409e921e8c58e7c36c7586b860299ba7481"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OQ1F/dvCPlsGlinFINBRax85TbtnRZs8tADb15fC5r44ZxtAappjUs0NpPkFunz99tSFVjRyV9on12lIEAghAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T09:31:51.048537Z","bundle_sha256":"9e0b689bbda7211af78b6f59f5435cd3151d3f0612c7a5c171e393a3ffa7a922"}}