{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG","short_pith_number":"pith:X534LM5Q","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1808.05745","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-17T04:02:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a69b07abe26aa2e90e1537ee81a3965d30a801c09ce70427c2fa05347d596842","abstract_canon_sha256":"c32d16219a50c1dfa925ca67b226d07eac044168323d2923f6d781c891679fb8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bf77c5b3b0adf03a7549e5aa497a0f91992c29546d7b447866c6385eb8aaf4b7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1808.05745","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.05745","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.05745v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.05745","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X534LM5QVXYD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X534LM5Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1808.05745","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-17T04:02:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a69b07abe26aa2e90e1537ee81a3965d30a801c09ce70427c2fa05347d596842","abstract_canon_sha256":"c32d16219a50c1dfa925ca67b226d07eac044168323d2923f6d781c891679fb8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bf77c5b3b0adf03a7549e5aa497a0f91992c29546d7b447866c6385eb8aaf4b7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30.529887Z","signature_b64":"GLWHB/iu/DJYTqyFuYm7GQbjuGulk0AMY3FH84LjeiEk63OtLdSsyqruwQPjHIquPoXDJrW65BfHXICuRTQrCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bf77c5b3b0adf03a7549e5aa497a0f91992c29546d7b447866c6385eb8aaf4b7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30.529533Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30.529533Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1808.05745","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lrOahBt7O5OGjc3NE7uqeircP56tltncLE6LhJIXubvwVPAdMh/ivowJ259dS+p+7eVKH4Vnq0S+6PE2NMhtAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T18:09:04.784243Z"},"content_sha256":"1355dd3995a4b73b25a7606eb1f37b56ea2f07dd6c10388d6ab9319b58f9a5d5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1355dd3995a4b73b25a7606eb1f37b56ea2f07dd6c10388d6ab9319b58f9a5d5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gauss's Law Satisfying Energy-Conserving Semi-Implicit Particle-in-Cell Method","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","authors_text":"Gabor Toth, Yuxi Chen","submitted_at":"2018-08-17T04:02:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Energy Conserving Semi-Implicit Method (ECSIM) introduced by Lapenta (2017) has many advantageous properties compared to the classical semi-implicit and explicit PIC methods. Most importantly, energy conservation eliminates the growth of the finite grid instability. We have implemented ECSIM in a different and more efficient manner than the original approach. More importantly, we have addressed two major shortcomings of the original ECSIM algorithm: there is no mechanism to enforce Gauss's law and there is no mechanism to reduce the numerical oscillations of the electric field. A classical"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.05745","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8+j4hYIBCQtXZe8izlKeEsexxr6aDFzoRC1glbQ3IKS8hzKAL2SRiiZgVIGb2bSUcrse8taJMGdAV8EqIXRnDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T18:09:04.784951Z"},"content_sha256":"af1e1edc98ad7410106ea92c6db04b9a3787260a18bf82d54aaf58f6752cc9c5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:af1e1edc98ad7410106ea92c6db04b9a3787260a18bf82d54aaf58f6752cc9c5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T18:09:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ4WVES6QPSG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c32d16219a50c1dfa925ca67b226d07eac044168323d2923f6d781c891679fb8","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-17T04:02:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"a69b07abe26aa2e90e1537ee81a3965d30a801c09ce70427c2fa05347d596842"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.05745","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.05745","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.05745v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.05745","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X534LM5QVXYD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X534LM5QVXYDU5KJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X534LM5Q","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:af1e1edc98ad7410106ea92c6db04b9a3787260a18bf82d54aaf58f6752cc9c5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Energy Conserving Semi-Implicit Method (ECSIM) introduced by Lapenta (2017) has many advantageous properties compared to the classical semi-implicit and explicit PIC methods. Most importantly, energy conservation eliminates the growth of the finite grid instability. We have implemented ECSIM in a different and more efficient manner than the original approach. More importantly, we have addressed two major shortcomings of the original ECSIM algorithm: there is no mechanism to enforce Gauss's law and there is no mechanism to reduce the numerical oscillations of the electric field. A classical","authors_text":"Gabor Toth, Yuxi Chen","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-17T04:02:25Z","title":"Gauss's Law Satisfying Energy-Conserving Semi-Implicit Particle-in-Cell Method"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.05745","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1355dd3995a4b73b25a7606eb1f37b56ea2f07dd6c10388d6ab9319b58f9a5d5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c32d16219a50c1dfa925ca67b226d07eac044168323d2923f6d781c891679fb8","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2018-08-17T04:02:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"a69b07abe26aa2e90e1537ee81a3965d30a801c09ce70427c2fa05347d596842"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.05745","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bf77c5b3b0adf03a7549e5aa497a0f91992c29546d7b447866c6385eb8aaf4b7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bf77c5b3b0adf03a7549e5aa497a0f91992c29546d7b447866c6385eb8aaf4b7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30.529533Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30.529533Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GLWHB/iu/DJYTqyFuYm7GQbjuGulk0AMY3FH84LjeiEk63OtLdSsyqruwQPjHIquPoXDJrW65BfHXICuRTQrCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:30.529887Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1808.05745","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1355dd3995a4b73b25a7606eb1f37b56ea2f07dd6c10388d6ab9319b58f9a5d5","sha256:af1e1edc98ad7410106ea92c6db04b9a3787260a18bf82d54aaf58f6752cc9c5"],"state_sha256":"b4247fff5987b3a11813e23d620b0f30037e52a5ba4ecc9d2336fcf52860135f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KJYDC6NYvorf3AUXHXUgFyxSFgWlzDtngsS1fKkL0j8KyOkhJ8xXpg5Yy/xnQXesGUcIYfMMeqi/fLwG3K1XBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T18:09:04.788365Z","bundle_sha256":"c419a2592329f06ac439eeb18b04068b24e4af16a6f3a1aed09e2938ccbac06d"}}