{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN","short_pith_number":"pith:X55SAUYB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.06919","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T08:22:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"400353677725c7f0ed7a0196a82f88831399b6cb30672d5d82930281d6d4cc11","abstract_canon_sha256":"3b48d89c7f15905f66f2bafb8627dc083501ebee2892a7a7f45599ea432e078a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bf7b20530160be9e6cd5011a770eb7ab4b2ba3c8d262b7840bdf2c9e711c15e3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1601.06919","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.06919","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.06919v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.06919","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X55SAUYBMC7J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X55SAUYBMC7J43GV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X55SAUYB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.06919","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T08:22:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"title_canon_sha256":"400353677725c7f0ed7a0196a82f88831399b6cb30672d5d82930281d6d4cc11","abstract_canon_sha256":"3b48d89c7f15905f66f2bafb8627dc083501ebee2892a7a7f45599ea432e078a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bf7b20530160be9e6cd5011a770eb7ab4b2ba3c8d262b7840bdf2c9e711c15e3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59.534873Z","signature_b64":"WNWKPtcLONtFbVi+3+EmEzAEr66PBZ0HxSHc4dgrsGC20klFurt2mSLcJV+wxQ8FiZgw3iR28bjbdZSxQwA5Dw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bf7b20530160be9e6cd5011a770eb7ab4b2ba3c8d262b7840bdf2c9e711c15e3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59.534273Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59.534273Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1601.06919","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QS9v5ui75hynxj6Urmg9CWcn6MbC2R+dLKabxjztGfpfFl8mzGSWLOz2ZYtkLePw/YVEpWtnl7UJQLwjA+INDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T06:17:50.750215Z"},"content_sha256":"1cc630f758306302359bcc29b3badd0f29f3fe054480b5f27afb3487138c39d2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1cc630f758306302359bcc29b3badd0f29f3fe054480b5f27afb3487138c39d2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"BUbiNG: Massive Crawling for the Masses","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SI"],"primary_cat":"cs.IR","authors_text":"Andrea Marino, Massimo Santini, Paolo Boldi, Sebastiano Vigna","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T08:22:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"Although web crawlers have been around for twenty years by now, there is virtually no freely available, opensource crawling software that guarantees high throughput, overcomes the limits of single-machine systems and at the same time scales linearly with the amount of resources available. This paper aims at filling this gap, through the description of BUbiNG, our next-generation web crawler built upon the authors' experience with UbiCrawler [Boldi et al. 2004] and on the last ten years of research on the topic. BUbiNG is an opensource Java fully distributed crawler; a single BUbiNG agent, usin"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.06919","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vsFSz7o1XmONrYmJ842tMmxO10dbHKwl3o4UuzkK86pSZT2yz5FlUlk6S2AEtiLtQgxDcFZyad5jNCi4MhOyCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T06:17:50.750603Z"},"content_sha256":"158ed5b7d593f1b697e6f8128ea1a2187680af77a81d4c124214e136c76d8582","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:158ed5b7d593f1b697e6f8128ea1a2187680af77a81d4c124214e136c76d8582"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-07T06:17:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:X55SAUYBMC7J43GVAENHODVXVN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3b48d89c7f15905f66f2bafb8627dc083501ebee2892a7a7f45599ea432e078a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T08:22:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"400353677725c7f0ed7a0196a82f88831399b6cb30672d5d82930281d6d4cc11"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.06919","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.06919","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.06919v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.06919","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X55SAUYBMC7J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X55SAUYBMC7J43GV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X55SAUYB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:158ed5b7d593f1b697e6f8128ea1a2187680af77a81d4c124214e136c76d8582","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Although web crawlers have been around for twenty years by now, there is virtually no freely available, opensource crawling software that guarantees high throughput, overcomes the limits of single-machine systems and at the same time scales linearly with the amount of resources available. This paper aims at filling this gap, through the description of BUbiNG, our next-generation web crawler built upon the authors' experience with UbiCrawler [Boldi et al. 2004] and on the last ten years of research on the topic. BUbiNG is an opensource Java fully distributed crawler; a single BUbiNG agent, usin","authors_text":"Andrea Marino, Massimo Santini, Paolo Boldi, Sebastiano Vigna","cross_cats":["cs.SI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T08:22:37Z","title":"BUbiNG: Massive Crawling for the Masses"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.06919","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1cc630f758306302359bcc29b3badd0f29f3fe054480b5f27afb3487138c39d2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3b48d89c7f15905f66f2bafb8627dc083501ebee2892a7a7f45599ea432e078a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T08:22:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"400353677725c7f0ed7a0196a82f88831399b6cb30672d5d82930281d6d4cc11"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.06919","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bf7b20530160be9e6cd5011a770eb7ab4b2ba3c8d262b7840bdf2c9e711c15e3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bf7b20530160be9e6cd5011a770eb7ab4b2ba3c8d262b7840bdf2c9e711c15e3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59.534273Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59.534273Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WNWKPtcLONtFbVi+3+EmEzAEr66PBZ0HxSHc4dgrsGC20klFurt2mSLcJV+wxQ8FiZgw3iR28bjbdZSxQwA5Dw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:59.534873Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1601.06919","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1cc630f758306302359bcc29b3badd0f29f3fe054480b5f27afb3487138c39d2","sha256:158ed5b7d593f1b697e6f8128ea1a2187680af77a81d4c124214e136c76d8582"],"state_sha256":"9fdbe0409ef4fc29c5d70755ff1ac42bca000d0565e259355776f75246c57e81"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EXRB042HpH/LyYn5AayABgdXFdS6hYSu0tcPWtvQ7x5I/v3YEtaxErXhUB2+/2k+tA/ZNWN/ppOhBRjHSfpjBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T06:17:50.752833Z","bundle_sha256":"6d84ccbad3ce515fc6a5d30e3b3b5725e30e67f72669c46f2190b78169ef52aa"}}