{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U","short_pith_number":"pith:X6HOTP77","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.1371","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T07:26:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"afb675a948139441bf82e346439f32e05ee43171a05f152444a55e09938495a8","abstract_canon_sha256":"040a72612744de3046f48c519a686bcfd885b4fcb4079e8875d30c7b7f4c2b62"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bf8ee9bfff70b76a7c1b0a4522ced6f50b79c3ef082e20d003a437ba68ac502a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1407.1371","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.1371","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.1371v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.1371","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X6HOTP77OC3W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X6HOTP77","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.1371","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T07:26:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"afb675a948139441bf82e346439f32e05ee43171a05f152444a55e09938495a8","abstract_canon_sha256":"040a72612744de3046f48c519a686bcfd885b4fcb4079e8875d30c7b7f4c2b62"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bf8ee9bfff70b76a7c1b0a4522ced6f50b79c3ef082e20d003a437ba68ac502a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31.545899Z","signature_b64":"W8rdvDDDZmiwkDe6JqzD/+PbY/mSzEkOL/9Z2P40SCje0CHjOCWFVnHb0NjGVwAUmyP/VlX+rUHyTawrom54AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bf8ee9bfff70b76a7c1b0a4522ced6f50b79c3ef082e20d003a437ba68ac502a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31.545139Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31.545139Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1407.1371","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zF4uyWxCTBkOvqvxVZufLmZcT7ohCnPssfbuX4Lvrgxlh9olbP50ZDym7hn7SnIkzELVORW51oRHmSVwd83RCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T00:47:58.645175Z"},"content_sha256":"39b1dee6341abadd0c43a7a80059de0bcfd6858e28067a5c16d297e5b622f838","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:39b1dee6341abadd0c43a7a80059de0bcfd6858e28067a5c16d297e5b622f838"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Lattice gauge theory and gluon color-confinement in curved spacetime","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-lat","authors_text":"Jose Perico Esguerra, Kristian Hauser Villegas","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T07:26:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"The lattice gauge theory for curved spacetime is formulated. A discretized action is derived for both gluon and quark fields which reduces to the generally covariant form in the continuum limit. Using the Wilson action, it is shown analytically that for a general curved spacetime background, two propagating gluons are always color-confined. The fermion-doubling problem is discussed in the specific case of Friedman-Robertson-Walker metric. Lastly, we discussed possible future numerical implementation of lattice QCD in curved spacetime."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.1371","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tBqWOOO7HghEUJWzI7Cf43vrjIBXmi/hR+MSINd2a1fcsgZP46klASurXzVSNhRc603t4XB6nkI/3xwip4+fCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T00:47:58.645642Z"},"content_sha256":"6a61a10ff8cb3dd31e73a1e7581c3f48e5833444af85404c6523e3411ef67ff7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6a61a10ff8cb3dd31e73a1e7581c3f48e5833444af85404c6523e3411ef67ff7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-03T00:47:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3BJCSFTWW6U","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"040a72612744de3046f48c519a686bcfd885b4fcb4079e8875d30c7b7f4c2b62","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T07:26:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"afb675a948139441bf82e346439f32e05ee43171a05f152444a55e09938495a8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1407.1371","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.1371","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.1371v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.1371","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X6HOTP77OC3W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X6HOTP77OC3WU7A3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X6HOTP77","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6a61a10ff8cb3dd31e73a1e7581c3f48e5833444af85404c6523e3411ef67ff7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The lattice gauge theory for curved spacetime is formulated. A discretized action is derived for both gluon and quark fields which reduces to the generally covariant form in the continuum limit. Using the Wilson action, it is shown analytically that for a general curved spacetime background, two propagating gluons are always color-confined. The fermion-doubling problem is discussed in the specific case of Friedman-Robertson-Walker metric. Lastly, we discussed possible future numerical implementation of lattice QCD in curved spacetime.","authors_text":"Jose Perico Esguerra, Kristian Hauser Villegas","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T07:26:22Z","title":"Lattice gauge theory and gluon color-confinement in curved spacetime"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.1371","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:39b1dee6341abadd0c43a7a80059de0bcfd6858e28067a5c16d297e5b622f838","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"040a72612744de3046f48c519a686bcfd885b4fcb4079e8875d30c7b7f4c2b62","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2014-07-05T07:26:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"afb675a948139441bf82e346439f32e05ee43171a05f152444a55e09938495a8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1407.1371","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"bf8ee9bfff70b76a7c1b0a4522ced6f50b79c3ef082e20d003a437ba68ac502a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bf8ee9bfff70b76a7c1b0a4522ced6f50b79c3ef082e20d003a437ba68ac502a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31.545139Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31.545139Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"W8rdvDDDZmiwkDe6JqzD/+PbY/mSzEkOL/9Z2P40SCje0CHjOCWFVnHb0NjGVwAUmyP/VlX+rUHyTawrom54AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:28:31.545899Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1407.1371","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:39b1dee6341abadd0c43a7a80059de0bcfd6858e28067a5c16d297e5b622f838","sha256:6a61a10ff8cb3dd31e73a1e7581c3f48e5833444af85404c6523e3411ef67ff7"],"state_sha256":"093d60a5167ef872034792544a310088a930593feea9b110c6ec521c0025c2f1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"L8r+cwy3qGDXbe407XC6V3TLgImLeZXojt8iWyD4z1gdhm76XoQCtC64gS9q43xjYQi0Ycye50SNeRgm+8MyAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T00:47:58.650837Z","bundle_sha256":"1ac2e7ac283d3a3aa531d5d365ed43155ff2d4960370bf6cb2f59b7fc53dd9a7"}}