{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF","short_pith_number":"pith:X7DUQOIL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.10318","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2018-05-25T18:33:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"ce7b372327359d683e52e57828183f62c8246a52603561630b5aa790a6576f3d","abstract_canon_sha256":"2248c1c7293b98b22ee8da4d80fc97d49a43bba1af2e7b7a6ce46562890f1cf3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bfc748390b0f64524eb06b645419b8b974d7a901e7c2dbfcf0a9ec1113f6e22b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1805.10318","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.10318","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.10318v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.10318","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X7DUQOILB5SF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X7DUQOILB5SFETVQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X7DUQOIL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.10318","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2018-05-25T18:33:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"ce7b372327359d683e52e57828183f62c8246a52603561630b5aa790a6576f3d","abstract_canon_sha256":"2248c1c7293b98b22ee8da4d80fc97d49a43bba1af2e7b7a6ce46562890f1cf3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bfc748390b0f64524eb06b645419b8b974d7a901e7c2dbfcf0a9ec1113f6e22b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52.946878Z","signature_b64":"cb3jorvc72FN3Kn+lxtQpNfRZ4orR4vNZ3rBopAabKgeVBlBVxGO1LsQ6/ptqL3RTSAfQgPgqo6TjwkFcUnNBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bfc748390b0f64524eb06b645419b8b974d7a901e7c2dbfcf0a9ec1113f6e22b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52.946188Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52.946188Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1805.10318","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6Q4GQ2wzRGd75SSGjuY0UcGtF2tlIwIXWlSURJaJZ2H53xr+L+LEiTo9cG/GGino/zACitKh8QxuXwenMc8pDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T12:26:46.932112Z"},"content_sha256":"1734c9f0ad6485b22e901048466838341bf6d44a6b6cb12a50ce11a432d6a440","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1734c9f0ad6485b22e901048466838341bf6d44a6b6cb12a50ce11a432d6a440"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Enhancing the Accuracy and Fairness of Human Decision Making","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CY","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"stat.ML","authors_text":"Adish Singla, Isabel Valera, Manuel Gomez Rodriguez","submitted_at":"2018-05-25T18:33:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Societies often rely on human experts to take a wide variety of decisions affecting their members, from jail-or-release decisions taken by judges and stop-and-frisk decisions taken by police officers to accept-or-reject decisions taken by academics. In this context, each decision is taken by an expert who is typically chosen uniformly at random from a pool of experts. However, these decisions may be imperfect due to limited experience, implicit biases, or faulty probabilistic reasoning. Can we improve the accuracy and fairness of the overall decision making process by optimizing the assignment"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.10318","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Wn2ljTutnkUMn0nk62Ha58NkvtWxV6XRaVJVeaUgZI/kwKsDZFpbTevIkWrctChJVHduNpg4Klg7lCoF0VnNCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T12:26:46.932801Z"},"content_sha256":"8837b1fad21c2c1f6f3afc6e9c8eb44b9caf817a7d81deb7edbb4f163414ee27","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8837b1fad21c2c1f6f3afc6e9c8eb44b9caf817a7d81deb7edbb4f163414ee27"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T12:26:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:X7DUQOILB5SFETVQNNSFIGNYXF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2248c1c7293b98b22ee8da4d80fc97d49a43bba1af2e7b7a6ce46562890f1cf3","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2018-05-25T18:33:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"ce7b372327359d683e52e57828183f62c8246a52603561630b5aa790a6576f3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.10318","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.10318","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.10318v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.10318","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"X7DUQOILB5SF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"X7DUQOILB5SFETVQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"X7DUQOIL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8837b1fad21c2c1f6f3afc6e9c8eb44b9caf817a7d81deb7edbb4f163414ee27","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Societies often rely on human experts to take a wide variety of decisions affecting their members, from jail-or-release decisions taken by judges and stop-and-frisk decisions taken by police officers to accept-or-reject decisions taken by academics. In this context, each decision is taken by an expert who is typically chosen uniformly at random from a pool of experts. However, these decisions may be imperfect due to limited experience, implicit biases, or faulty probabilistic reasoning. Can we improve the accuracy and fairness of the overall decision making process by optimizing the assignment","authors_text":"Adish Singla, Isabel Valera, Manuel Gomez Rodriguez","cross_cats":["cs.CY","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2018-05-25T18:33:01Z","title":"Enhancing the Accuracy and Fairness of Human Decision Making"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.10318","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1734c9f0ad6485b22e901048466838341bf6d44a6b6cb12a50ce11a432d6a440","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2248c1c7293b98b22ee8da4d80fc97d49a43bba1af2e7b7a6ce46562890f1cf3","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2018-05-25T18:33:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"ce7b372327359d683e52e57828183f62c8246a52603561630b5aa790a6576f3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.10318","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bfc748390b0f64524eb06b645419b8b974d7a901e7c2dbfcf0a9ec1113f6e22b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bfc748390b0f64524eb06b645419b8b974d7a901e7c2dbfcf0a9ec1113f6e22b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52.946188Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52.946188Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cb3jorvc72FN3Kn+lxtQpNfRZ4orR4vNZ3rBopAabKgeVBlBVxGO1LsQ6/ptqL3RTSAfQgPgqo6TjwkFcUnNBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:52.946878Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1805.10318","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1734c9f0ad6485b22e901048466838341bf6d44a6b6cb12a50ce11a432d6a440","sha256:8837b1fad21c2c1f6f3afc6e9c8eb44b9caf817a7d81deb7edbb4f163414ee27"],"state_sha256":"82ed80ecc0f5d97112e1da8d00e75c5798c5ebda93abc6bea96128e31e3bb78d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Ai8hBjQ74qU/f0uoo5Z9bfuiXEc+96G9nISiGYVQcIfQPFWlZsqumQhxEZ8cqgUjd3D99jM9/an3C10kjo3CAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T12:26:46.936150Z","bundle_sha256":"57dab3934c9d56133a3c834e87da5dfb11c64dd1f4ec2c1ed38fb8cbdf9ad1ba"}}