{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN","short_pith_number":"pith:XC7DZWHV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0909.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-08-31T21:17:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"3533e4e0e586eafad81d67c67445fc093cfd71b813fd1a2f18b2930ac066cd6c","abstract_canon_sha256":"f05c1cbe173c809fa1b7aee273b33d374263b47200e35145b0695cce838845ac"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b8be3cd8f51ee570a87b7b2d1a19f7635299bf7f50fdc13a5019ff58c15b4274","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0909.0014","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0909.0014","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0909.0014v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0909.0014","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XC7DZWHVD3SX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XC7DZWHV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0909.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-08-31T21:17:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"3533e4e0e586eafad81d67c67445fc093cfd71b813fd1a2f18b2930ac066cd6c","abstract_canon_sha256":"f05c1cbe173c809fa1b7aee273b33d374263b47200e35145b0695cce838845ac"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b8be3cd8f51ee570a87b7b2d1a19f7635299bf7f50fdc13a5019ff58c15b4274","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37.008772Z","signature_b64":"PRnUUfDUFqH50AiHhI1FsSCDBfBN8RjfEvkYXhs8J5rI8RT5/PxqdNy5AovdGa9pyB2dP/IMv+i+hKcszLbuAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b8be3cd8f51ee570a87b7b2d1a19f7635299bf7f50fdc13a5019ff58c15b4274","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37.008182Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37.008182Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0909.0014","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Yh36VaHn3+p5oxlvfYMU5cCXGSsrN92lB62lXbwR4pXYlT0Vrd17ZoLBrxU6uSXjWoC9gvoAvAPqDPuhjzpmCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T08:37:32.485147Z"},"content_sha256":"8e1a9094215a96244b99935e5abf2108c4b9890cfefa8b27e719d8b17cf9b09b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8e1a9094215a96244b99935e5abf2108c4b9890cfefa8b27e719d8b17cf9b09b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Highly Variable Objects in the Palomar-QUEST Survey: A Blazar Search using Optical Variability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Andrew Drake, Anne Bauer, Ashish Mahabal, Charles Baltay, Ciro Donalek, David Rabinowitz, Eilat Glikman, Jonathan Jerke, Matthew Graham, Nancy Ellman, Paolo Coppi, Richard Scalzo, Roy Williams, S. G. Djorgovski","submitted_at":"2009-08-31T21:17:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"We identify 3,113 highly variable objects in 7,200 square degrees of the Palomar-QUEST Survey, which each varied by more than 0.4 magnitudes simultaneously in two broadband optical filters on timescales from hours to roughly 3.5 years. The primary goal of the selection is to find blazars by their well-known violent optical variability. Because most known blazars have been found in radio and/or X-ray wavelengths, a sample discovered through optical variability may have very different selection effects, elucidating the range of behavior possible in these systems. A set of blazars selected in thi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0909.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RBm1y8RiAMNKaGweOnducX7KYTfUY85DlhQ5TALvc4KpumQljbtjjjmf/LoLO/HKanFfe3b29rGRTEX9ZkmsDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T08:37:32.485843Z"},"content_sha256":"1ce371d3f599d0083d2ce76bb394370a30e79ed52847ccca3597a5f98055c539","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1ce371d3f599d0083d2ce76bb394370a30e79ed52847ccca3597a5f98055c539"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T08:37:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3PMWRUGPXMN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f05c1cbe173c809fa1b7aee273b33d374263b47200e35145b0695cce838845ac","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-08-31T21:17:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"3533e4e0e586eafad81d67c67445fc093cfd71b813fd1a2f18b2930ac066cd6c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0909.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0909.0014","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0909.0014v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0909.0014","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XC7DZWHVD3SX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XC7DZWHVD3SXBKD3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XC7DZWHV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1ce371d3f599d0083d2ce76bb394370a30e79ed52847ccca3597a5f98055c539","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We identify 3,113 highly variable objects in 7,200 square degrees of the Palomar-QUEST Survey, which each varied by more than 0.4 magnitudes simultaneously in two broadband optical filters on timescales from hours to roughly 3.5 years. The primary goal of the selection is to find blazars by their well-known violent optical variability. Because most known blazars have been found in radio and/or X-ray wavelengths, a sample discovered through optical variability may have very different selection effects, elucidating the range of behavior possible in these systems. A set of blazars selected in thi","authors_text":"Andrew Drake, Anne Bauer, Ashish Mahabal, Charles Baltay, Ciro Donalek, David Rabinowitz, Eilat Glikman, Jonathan Jerke, Matthew Graham, Nancy Ellman, Paolo Coppi, Richard Scalzo, Roy Williams, S. G. Djorgovski","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-08-31T21:17:02Z","title":"Highly Variable Objects in the Palomar-QUEST Survey: A Blazar Search using Optical Variability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0909.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8e1a9094215a96244b99935e5abf2108c4b9890cfefa8b27e719d8b17cf9b09b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f05c1cbe173c809fa1b7aee273b33d374263b47200e35145b0695cce838845ac","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-08-31T21:17:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"3533e4e0e586eafad81d67c67445fc093cfd71b813fd1a2f18b2930ac066cd6c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0909.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b8be3cd8f51ee570a87b7b2d1a19f7635299bf7f50fdc13a5019ff58c15b4274","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b8be3cd8f51ee570a87b7b2d1a19f7635299bf7f50fdc13a5019ff58c15b4274","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37.008182Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37.008182Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"PRnUUfDUFqH50AiHhI1FsSCDBfBN8RjfEvkYXhs8J5rI8RT5/PxqdNy5AovdGa9pyB2dP/IMv+i+hKcszLbuAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:37.008772Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0909.0014","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8e1a9094215a96244b99935e5abf2108c4b9890cfefa8b27e719d8b17cf9b09b","sha256:1ce371d3f599d0083d2ce76bb394370a30e79ed52847ccca3597a5f98055c539"],"state_sha256":"323e3f28f129cfb22da3d5e4f2aa69fb408d677b393f8374e8c6066811644bcf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zXtm5N6LoqMkNeo5/qBcE0Eo7f/EHsMncE6Wn2Ls6F9+6AN6IQZv9hCue6AWe9pLBxMq4QBE/+mdpyuP/DpnAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T08:37:32.489172Z","bundle_sha256":"7f30e1d06ee8193987ef3fad820f7170d1396a0afaf2a3d7f24cbe177ff7b73b"}}