{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX","short_pith_number":"pith:XCSEUJNX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1307.3636","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2013-07-13T09:55:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"634f747acf485540a15208c039e2d96e3403e5414d0678a356d5a27390cb9115","abstract_canon_sha256":"c9fc0cdaf6827605db6a75a73cd922f2953fe9a281fdab66feaec0b176c07564"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b8a44a25b77f59e8c70682c53a15b7c5e58b34e5a9bfa6b3da54b3a3d908d659","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1307.3636","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1307.3636","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1307.3636v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1307.3636","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XCSEUJNXP5M6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XCSEUJNX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1307.3636","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2013-07-13T09:55:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"634f747acf485540a15208c039e2d96e3403e5414d0678a356d5a27390cb9115","abstract_canon_sha256":"c9fc0cdaf6827605db6a75a73cd922f2953fe9a281fdab66feaec0b176c07564"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b8a44a25b77f59e8c70682c53a15b7c5e58b34e5a9bfa6b3da54b3a3d908d659","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.695525Z","signature_b64":"OCE6HQYNaCi43HgZ43qn+/8sCpkrtkSXvhJcJ0hOlmeQq9/BYjliKldA7+qqlbomwjFOzjIzmYeSzhS3K8V7CQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b8a44a25b77f59e8c70682c53a15b7c5e58b34e5a9bfa6b3da54b3a3d908d659","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.694919Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.694919Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1307.3636","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"e6VG82j719MQa3EUMtPIlr6+vbZtdL7fMn2H/KiojoHF6UDD9PHyM/QiXivR3CE0vSEroUqLIgCNstgMHXJeCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:28:49.411928Z"},"content_sha256":"db014c33d1497c5b2d0a5262c5ff269cc88a63ebd75571b7b38c4dfe936a19cc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:db014c33d1497c5b2d0a5262c5ff269cc88a63ebd75571b7b38c4dfe936a19cc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Stimulated emission from ZnO thin films with high optical gain and low loss","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"A-S. Gadallah, C. Couteau, D. J. Rogers, G. L\\'erondel, K. Nomenyo","submitted_at":"2013-07-13T09:55:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"Stimulated surface- and edge-emission were investigated for ZnO thin films grown epitaxially by pulsed laser deposition. The lasing threshold was 0.32 MW/cm2 for surface pumping and 0.5 MW/cm2 for edge pumping, which is significantly lower than thresholds observed previously. A modified variable stripe length method was used to measure the gain, which was 1369 cm-1 for N-band emission. Losses were measured using the shifting excitation spot method and values of 6.2 cm-1 and 6.3 cm-1 were found for the N-band and P-band, respectively. The measured gain and loss were the highest and lowest (resp"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1307.3636","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nTuQLTWSyNbYKegv6sRcy2B2FR8Qu4Rb/1UOoe9iBHF2Vbeu8W44XGfUGVFlwkxMaWOXTqeHiL49ddUHQeLcDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:28:49.412605Z"},"content_sha256":"21008a4cd77ced5590a62b4b2ee9f197c8d7dbd2c4f8e35d8709cdc5ba51d5af","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:21008a4cd77ced5590a62b4b2ee9f197c8d7dbd2c4f8e35d8709cdc5ba51d5af"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T23:28:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYGQLCTUFNXYX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c9fc0cdaf6827605db6a75a73cd922f2953fe9a281fdab66feaec0b176c07564","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2013-07-13T09:55:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"634f747acf485540a15208c039e2d96e3403e5414d0678a356d5a27390cb9115"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1307.3636","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1307.3636","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1307.3636v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1307.3636","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XCSEUJNXP5M6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XCSEUJNXP5M6RRYG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XCSEUJNX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:21008a4cd77ced5590a62b4b2ee9f197c8d7dbd2c4f8e35d8709cdc5ba51d5af","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Stimulated surface- and edge-emission were investigated for ZnO thin films grown epitaxially by pulsed laser deposition. The lasing threshold was 0.32 MW/cm2 for surface pumping and 0.5 MW/cm2 for edge pumping, which is significantly lower than thresholds observed previously. A modified variable stripe length method was used to measure the gain, which was 1369 cm-1 for N-band emission. Losses were measured using the shifting excitation spot method and values of 6.2 cm-1 and 6.3 cm-1 were found for the N-band and P-band, respectively. The measured gain and loss were the highest and lowest (resp","authors_text":"A-S. Gadallah, C. Couteau, D. J. Rogers, G. L\\'erondel, K. Nomenyo","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2013-07-13T09:55:52Z","title":"Stimulated emission from ZnO thin films with high optical gain and low loss"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1307.3636","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:db014c33d1497c5b2d0a5262c5ff269cc88a63ebd75571b7b38c4dfe936a19cc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c9fc0cdaf6827605db6a75a73cd922f2953fe9a281fdab66feaec0b176c07564","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2013-07-13T09:55:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"634f747acf485540a15208c039e2d96e3403e5414d0678a356d5a27390cb9115"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1307.3636","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b8a44a25b77f59e8c70682c53a15b7c5e58b34e5a9bfa6b3da54b3a3d908d659","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b8a44a25b77f59e8c70682c53a15b7c5e58b34e5a9bfa6b3da54b3a3d908d659","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.694919Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.694919Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OCE6HQYNaCi43HgZ43qn+/8sCpkrtkSXvhJcJ0hOlmeQq9/BYjliKldA7+qqlbomwjFOzjIzmYeSzhS3K8V7CQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.695525Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1307.3636","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:db014c33d1497c5b2d0a5262c5ff269cc88a63ebd75571b7b38c4dfe936a19cc","sha256:21008a4cd77ced5590a62b4b2ee9f197c8d7dbd2c4f8e35d8709cdc5ba51d5af"],"state_sha256":"9ded3e05afb4c018188ffbb63309f143b16a480d21b24c49d5723a1d93b172d1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"T/1e6t1l/NGXVchGlkT/UynYTXtD9f5Kn2/2gcIm78jz6qpf3PTM1epwDXjytUgv3ctPObvmxP+UbvVMoUVmBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:28:49.416084Z","bundle_sha256":"2370cea6c09e64f92cebb765be8090647224b195d02f0e2a535767cc99c393fb"}}