{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF","short_pith_number":"pith:XCUDFHHG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2601.06633","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-01-10T17:36:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"088375a1abe78db31228bee2bb48965d0aa1f077ea75413a94781fc6d59f5339","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a9a3b6bb2b6faf162e9bec7ef55f8751f5c7c5c5067d6ebc8f94ecd8d6ab5eb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b8a8329ce60e3d3ab0cd1ce718819ec142238c06fb7aec02154054e712556114","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2601.06633","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2601.06633","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2601.06633v2","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2601.06633","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XCUDFHHGBY6T","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGN","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XCUDFHHG","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2601.06633","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-01-10T17:36:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"088375a1abe78db31228bee2bb48965d0aa1f077ea75413a94781fc6d59f5339","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a9a3b6bb2b6faf162e9bec7ef55f8751f5c7c5c5067d6ebc8f94ecd8d6ab5eb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b8a8329ce60e3d3ab0cd1ce718819ec142238c06fb7aec02154054e712556114","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01.916483Z","signature_b64":"8ZdeS0Km+XOTyMptRB9uTQlwuO5Y7a2iHUu/0nMRZ0RKJckWgz7s8bJ9sFaena5wzQLehBr+5ErYwyVZz+4rBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b8a8329ce60e3d3ab0cd1ce718819ec142238c06fb7aec02154054e712556114","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01.915718Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01.915718Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2601.06633","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"l1LmeH1DNCZuztzrNN9V4wxsvBtfJ+zNuXcXNbzqc8htkS2tEgSHKCMOjBzuipeWyC/Wl9MUWhtlkHzfvqSdDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:16:31.173161Z"},"content_sha256":"3b3dfcd4cc6d8a2ea06d7094c4197c78f65a3a334dc19d706a06bfa19ca44aa7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3b3dfcd4cc6d8a2ea06d7094c4197c78f65a3a334dc19d706a06bfa19ca44aa7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"KASER: Knowledge-Aligned Student Error Simulator for Open-Ended Coding Tasks","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.CY"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Andrew Lan, Nigel Fernandez, Zhangqi Duan","submitted_at":"2026-01-10T17:36:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"Open-ended tasks, such as coding problems that are common in computer science education, provide detailed insights into student knowledge. However, training large language models (LLMs) to simulate and predict possible student errors in their responses to these problems can be challenging: they often suffer from mode collapse and fail to fully capture the diversity in syntax, style, and solution approach in student responses. In this work, we present KASER (Knowledge-Aligned Student Error Simulator), a novel approach that aligns errors with student knowledge. We propose a training method based"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2601.06633","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2601.06633/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6+A0/cmEc55bIW3kgi+5fBdSnR4o6uobE8LwJMGLalAqzm1BzVj6WduCF4IR+Va8UTLqlnxZidkwPbdaqlBTCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:16:31.173924Z"},"content_sha256":"d7a6c7b9f66961c416068d48d4ce81b4ee72419682c405fe2344c521008ac42f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d7a6c7b9f66961c416068d48d4ce81b4ee72419682c405fe2344c521008ac42f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T21:16:31Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGNDTTRRAM6YF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a9a3b6bb2b6faf162e9bec7ef55f8751f5c7c5c5067d6ebc8f94ecd8d6ab5eb","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.CY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-01-10T17:36:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"088375a1abe78db31228bee2bb48965d0aa1f077ea75413a94781fc6d59f5339"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2601.06633","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2601.06633","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2601.06633v2","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2601.06633","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XCUDFHHGBY6T","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XCUDFHHGBY6TVMGN","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XCUDFHHG","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d7a6c7b9f66961c416068d48d4ce81b4ee72419682c405fe2344c521008ac42f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2601.06633/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Open-ended tasks, such as coding problems that are common in computer science education, provide detailed insights into student knowledge. However, training large language models (LLMs) to simulate and predict possible student errors in their responses to these problems can be challenging: they often suffer from mode collapse and fail to fully capture the diversity in syntax, style, and solution approach in student responses. In this work, we present KASER (Knowledge-Aligned Student Error Simulator), a novel approach that aligns errors with student knowledge. We propose a training method based","authors_text":"Andrew Lan, Nigel Fernandez, Zhangqi Duan","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.CY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-01-10T17:36:48Z","title":"KASER: Knowledge-Aligned Student Error Simulator for Open-Ended Coding Tasks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2601.06633","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3b3dfcd4cc6d8a2ea06d7094c4197c78f65a3a334dc19d706a06bfa19ca44aa7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a9a3b6bb2b6faf162e9bec7ef55f8751f5c7c5c5067d6ebc8f94ecd8d6ab5eb","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.CY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-01-10T17:36:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"088375a1abe78db31228bee2bb48965d0aa1f077ea75413a94781fc6d59f5339"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2601.06633","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b8a8329ce60e3d3ab0cd1ce718819ec142238c06fb7aec02154054e712556114","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b8a8329ce60e3d3ab0cd1ce718819ec142238c06fb7aec02154054e712556114","first_computed_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01.915718Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01.915718Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8ZdeS0Km+XOTyMptRB9uTQlwuO5Y7a2iHUu/0nMRZ0RKJckWgz7s8bJ9sFaena5wzQLehBr+5ErYwyVZz+4rBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-20T00:03:01.916483Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2601.06633","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3b3dfcd4cc6d8a2ea06d7094c4197c78f65a3a334dc19d706a06bfa19ca44aa7","sha256:d7a6c7b9f66961c416068d48d4ce81b4ee72419682c405fe2344c521008ac42f"],"state_sha256":"a3f6dcfa1fcebf980c7039c66525b905d2ad17900258cb0c66a871be6cf4d42b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QdlaMtcwZtZSnsrh0sU5neyBTUZxEFtOXpzOSNtvoXa20yuFRbWnoSCFnbza9CG27LDSjKLOKcf44MqB/6NZBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T21:16:31.178872Z","bundle_sha256":"89ca7b7408cc82cd453f1180fda3fa754bde552f3bd247ad7f8f3199eb002b54"}}