{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ","short_pith_number":"pith:XHZ4CCOS","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1104.5635","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-04-29T14:25:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ac0b632f46a6a8ff3ac7895653141c00eb3fff89970a07dc3741cdb9504b5b0a","abstract_canon_sha256":"e6e9d956ba1b3163a5f2f3e99fbb63dafa1e0002d35503123a2ccf5ca570480b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b9f3c109d2a68e0e7bf31cdc82950b0e57606d4e2b4ed7fcfc16d036c1763ff5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1104.5635","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1104.5635","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1104.5635v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1104.5635","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XHZ4CCOSU2HA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XHZ4CCOSU2HA467T","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XHZ4CCOS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1104.5635","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-04-29T14:25:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ac0b632f46a6a8ff3ac7895653141c00eb3fff89970a07dc3741cdb9504b5b0a","abstract_canon_sha256":"e6e9d956ba1b3163a5f2f3e99fbb63dafa1e0002d35503123a2ccf5ca570480b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b9f3c109d2a68e0e7bf31cdc82950b0e57606d4e2b4ed7fcfc16d036c1763ff5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.516477Z","signature_b64":"TEhzH5iVp42yzmVeUvM8BKXWECI0NaVSL9jA75knYRjpIy1y32tuE9p+2vyum50yWRoDhj/OKPuA2f9ME0wwDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b9f3c109d2a68e0e7bf31cdc82950b0e57606d4e2b4ed7fcfc16d036c1763ff5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.515766Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.515766Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1104.5635","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xXXKWrIaE8uoO04yZIDsmBVuZimVc2XaCyEb7qeHjCAaNfFKB5ZcSb9D1+vTLH0JD6PtFFXfabGtZk3KVyA1CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T09:35:00.371405Z"},"content_sha256":"d6f717eba4e94b377ce979447ac9489cbcfc2eff6be575ed89ebca672f8ae32f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d6f717eba4e94b377ce979447ac9489cbcfc2eff6be575ed89ebca672f8ae32f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gauge and Averaging in Gravitational Self-force","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Samuel E. Gralla","submitted_at":"2011-04-29T14:25:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"A difficulty with previous treatments of the gravitational self-force is that an explicit formula for the force is available only in a particular gauge (Lorenz gauge), where the force in other gauges must be found through a transformation law once the Lorenz gauge force is known. For a class of gauges satisfying a ``parity condition'' ensuring that the Hamiltonian center of mass of the particle is well-defined, I show that the gravitational self-force is always given by the angle-average of the bare gravitational force. To derive this result I replace the computational strategy of previous wor"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1104.5635","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+Pj8vzc8Yhse76mqPia7+go4a2EoborMGQRhSw+xU8V+ZuIM+K7TbNAbGSLAszsdDs7hehVI9PGwoTOLgRrRCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T09:35:00.371762Z"},"content_sha256":"edd53d753f96133a8ee9a93d5d81ed273553bc3ff1c47a4151e0b944364da225","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:edd53d753f96133a8ee9a93d5d81ed273553bc3ff1c47a4151e0b944364da225"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T09:35:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:XHZ4CCOSU2HA467TDTOIFFILBZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e6e9d956ba1b3163a5f2f3e99fbb63dafa1e0002d35503123a2ccf5ca570480b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-04-29T14:25:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"ac0b632f46a6a8ff3ac7895653141c00eb3fff89970a07dc3741cdb9504b5b0a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1104.5635","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1104.5635","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1104.5635v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1104.5635","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XHZ4CCOSU2HA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XHZ4CCOSU2HA467T","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XHZ4CCOS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:edd53d753f96133a8ee9a93d5d81ed273553bc3ff1c47a4151e0b944364da225","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A difficulty with previous treatments of the gravitational self-force is that an explicit formula for the force is available only in a particular gauge (Lorenz gauge), where the force in other gauges must be found through a transformation law once the Lorenz gauge force is known. For a class of gauges satisfying a ``parity condition'' ensuring that the Hamiltonian center of mass of the particle is well-defined, I show that the gravitational self-force is always given by the angle-average of the bare gravitational force. To derive this result I replace the computational strategy of previous wor","authors_text":"Samuel E. Gralla","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-04-29T14:25:28Z","title":"Gauge and Averaging in Gravitational Self-force"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1104.5635","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d6f717eba4e94b377ce979447ac9489cbcfc2eff6be575ed89ebca672f8ae32f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e6e9d956ba1b3163a5f2f3e99fbb63dafa1e0002d35503123a2ccf5ca570480b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-04-29T14:25:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"ac0b632f46a6a8ff3ac7895653141c00eb3fff89970a07dc3741cdb9504b5b0a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1104.5635","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b9f3c109d2a68e0e7bf31cdc82950b0e57606d4e2b4ed7fcfc16d036c1763ff5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b9f3c109d2a68e0e7bf31cdc82950b0e57606d4e2b4ed7fcfc16d036c1763ff5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.515766Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.515766Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TEhzH5iVp42yzmVeUvM8BKXWECI0NaVSL9jA75knYRjpIy1y32tuE9p+2vyum50yWRoDhj/OKPuA2f9ME0wwDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:23:34.516477Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1104.5635","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d6f717eba4e94b377ce979447ac9489cbcfc2eff6be575ed89ebca672f8ae32f","sha256:edd53d753f96133a8ee9a93d5d81ed273553bc3ff1c47a4151e0b944364da225"],"state_sha256":"97249b4d7fa195294e144114f0a8ddbb02339e973275436271b5c2b7f61dc2a0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"f2H7yBKMGZH3jAjorg2to0MUr4QiZWSh3rUYTItckKwASu4IcL5wpJyHgqdwla3cMQKwAHv5eHvWWQmU0C+gBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T09:35:00.373809Z","bundle_sha256":"94384858f1911acd4179655cdbd1e880ca582c6d67dd51b9c50d86e2e889b362"}}