{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2005:XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD","short_pith_number":"pith:XHZYFQ7K","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0503010","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-03-01T05:28:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ad83b67cb047b5c1e125f2d9813d4a165bcd2e602a2c44d8e0632b426a38ddb1","abstract_canon_sha256":"d24287aeff2b04be2d349405c23aa1e9a98a42d9f5488e7565985a9e08321b4a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b9f382c3eae03fe033e2380d46df3560f5b2c748f88fad65fd2e7a76b66695aa","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0503010","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0503010","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0503010v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0503010","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XHZYFQ7K4A76","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7C","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XHZYFQ7K","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2005:XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0503010","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-03-01T05:28:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ad83b67cb047b5c1e125f2d9813d4a165bcd2e602a2c44d8e0632b426a38ddb1","abstract_canon_sha256":"d24287aeff2b04be2d349405c23aa1e9a98a42d9f5488e7565985a9e08321b4a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b9f382c3eae03fe033e2380d46df3560f5b2c748f88fad65fd2e7a76b66695aa","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54.869816Z","signature_b64":"OOQmggaDkGp+LuIwEzZo6pTor8Inf4A8GKr5pZfXV43oZCc/HpReOoIAddIQFF/V/NslPFjZDrcLB55lDGIRCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b9f382c3eae03fe033e2380d46df3560f5b2c748f88fad65fd2e7a76b66695aa","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54.869472Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54.869472Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0503010","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0MXfR/2c7stvfUCnXYa9bKs01lJifdqtQFC3+4CXJIEJjjySqHm0v8P1ZWq2+Q8Lj9WtsisRWbSpySGffOkVDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T20:40:47.457975Z"},"content_sha256":"c595e53c67ca6fb794d44463c40dea60e9d0dbe568a739532bda4e1308db5f7c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c595e53c67ca6fb794d44463c40dea60e9d0dbe568a739532bda4e1308db5f7c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2005:XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Thermal and Fragmentation Properties of Star-forming Clouds in Low-metallicity Environments","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"A. Ferrara (SISSA), K. Omukai (NAOJ), R. Schneider (Arcetri), T. Tsuribe (Osaka U.)","submitted_at":"2005-03-01T05:28:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"The thermal and chemical evolution of star-forming clouds is studied for different gas metallicities, Z, using the model of Omukai (2000), updated to include deuterium chemistry and the effects of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. HD-line cooling dominates the thermal balance of clouds when Z \\~ 10^{-5}-10^{-3} Z_sun and density ~10^{5} cm^{-3}. Early on, CMB radiation prevents the gas temperature to fall below T_CMB, although this hardly alters the cloud thermal evolution in low-metallicity gas. From the derived temperature evolution, we assess cloud/core fragmentation as a functio"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0503010","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0503010/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"b/bkdVw6XW6oFAKCkYj9PMXgBCCxG8eq7j6zhNLEao4JkKQEcUlnQP+fX/xVC5W3P5sl2GwN/BRi2gX8gOCYCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T20:40:47.459093Z"},"content_sha256":"0cb7b822545f00efe1a5ac2e9df57b7ab0146718f4dfb0637b81ceeda2a6eace","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0cb7b822545f00efe1a5ac2e9df57b7ab0146718f4dfb0637b81ceeda2a6eace"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T20:40:47Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2005:XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7CHAGUNXZVMD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d24287aeff2b04be2d349405c23aa1e9a98a42d9f5488e7565985a9e08321b4a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-03-01T05:28:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad83b67cb047b5c1e125f2d9813d4a165bcd2e602a2c44d8e0632b426a38ddb1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0503010","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0503010","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0503010v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0503010","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XHZYFQ7K4A76","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XHZYFQ7K4A76AM7C","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XHZYFQ7K","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0cb7b822545f00efe1a5ac2e9df57b7ab0146718f4dfb0637b81ceeda2a6eace","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0503010/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The thermal and chemical evolution of star-forming clouds is studied for different gas metallicities, Z, using the model of Omukai (2000), updated to include deuterium chemistry and the effects of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. HD-line cooling dominates the thermal balance of clouds when Z \\~ 10^{-5}-10^{-3} Z_sun and density ~10^{5} cm^{-3}. Early on, CMB radiation prevents the gas temperature to fall below T_CMB, although this hardly alters the cloud thermal evolution in low-metallicity gas. From the derived temperature evolution, we assess cloud/core fragmentation as a functio","authors_text":"A. Ferrara (SISSA), K. Omukai (NAOJ), R. Schneider (Arcetri), T. Tsuribe (Osaka U.)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-03-01T05:28:14Z","title":"Thermal and Fragmentation Properties of Star-forming Clouds in Low-metallicity Environments"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0503010","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c595e53c67ca6fb794d44463c40dea60e9d0dbe568a739532bda4e1308db5f7c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d24287aeff2b04be2d349405c23aa1e9a98a42d9f5488e7565985a9e08321b4a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-03-01T05:28:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad83b67cb047b5c1e125f2d9813d4a165bcd2e602a2c44d8e0632b426a38ddb1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0503010","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b9f382c3eae03fe033e2380d46df3560f5b2c748f88fad65fd2e7a76b66695aa","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b9f382c3eae03fe033e2380d46df3560f5b2c748f88fad65fd2e7a76b66695aa","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54.869472Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54.869472Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OOQmggaDkGp+LuIwEzZo6pTor8Inf4A8GKr5pZfXV43oZCc/HpReOoIAddIQFF/V/NslPFjZDrcLB55lDGIRCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:50:54.869816Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0503010","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c595e53c67ca6fb794d44463c40dea60e9d0dbe568a739532bda4e1308db5f7c","sha256:0cb7b822545f00efe1a5ac2e9df57b7ab0146718f4dfb0637b81ceeda2a6eace"],"state_sha256":"8bc7b92e83e701b9ad2690d8bbe3868d27bf5791c7a6d5fc5d42827f4acb12ca"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LypG0Y/FTu4qd4OFTJn1LDJMnTHOpmxkOcgBGsu5Mac1jpLnDbMDz8CvqP0kAoiW7JeKJN37Mn27CDQizIoDCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T20:40:47.466536Z","bundle_sha256":"036f22740e1d732636ff38b1c94bab61ce02f8069e8141d0b0d40e9bcc29e856"}}