{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7","short_pith_number":"pith:XIPBX6CX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.06398","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2018-09-17T18:31:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"486f60808d42e50b5b3b81272de4ac82b0814d826e3ab315af9fda132a5e22de","abstract_canon_sha256":"a53622ba5c42f394372d08dc67e72390ea3acfbe69830a2d2c4ffe747456adb3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ba1e1bf857eba0f47a83f086abed5f07c0be21ef494d5fd0d67bd88c30e118fd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1809.06398","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.06398","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.06398v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.06398","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XIPBX6CX5OQP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XIPBX6CX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.06398","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2018-09-17T18:31:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"486f60808d42e50b5b3b81272de4ac82b0814d826e3ab315af9fda132a5e22de","abstract_canon_sha256":"a53622ba5c42f394372d08dc67e72390ea3acfbe69830a2d2c4ffe747456adb3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ba1e1bf857eba0f47a83f086abed5f07c0be21ef494d5fd0d67bd88c30e118fd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27.304906Z","signature_b64":"GI3qcDeUWdChMVCkP/sKkcV9ofEceo14uT+Ir4EPzghY/A+cUZuUsTl4BWN4KCdTiO0KwdHT0BO2/InAS4PqCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ba1e1bf857eba0f47a83f086abed5f07c0be21ef494d5fd0d67bd88c30e118fd","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27.304245Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27.304245Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1809.06398","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xRy1SKjlUv/P+STNlF6X/jgUc0Psfwmj2sZBUkZafSx3H2GzJ+BbX+EUgJ2UwWDYJz4GJ+5djTZLJM+Tf2fCDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T05:37:20.219856Z"},"content_sha256":"d9448fad752cd500313f068b2494cb1919bbf5acccb5992c229368c4921fee2b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d9448fad752cd500313f068b2494cb1919bbf5acccb5992c229368c4921fee2b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Segmenting root systems in X-ray computed tomography images using level sets","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Amy Tabb, Christopher N. Topp, Keith E. Duncan","submitted_at":"2018-09-17T18:31:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"The segmentation of plant roots from soil and other growing media in X-ray computed tomography images is needed to effectively study the root system architecture without excavation. However, segmentation is a challenging problem in this context because the root and non-root regions share similar features. In this paper, we describe a method based on level sets and specifically adapted for this segmentation problem. In particular, we deal with the issues of using a level sets approach on large image volumes for root segmentation, and track active regions of the front using an occupancy grid. Th"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.06398","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/nru+ILzgv1It+1b8k1kLwEMDNdXw0nGSEAnqooFSy4BB5COW8mHla4x12vOBPvcL8gLD53bJmu5a564ZPPeBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T05:37:20.220546Z"},"content_sha256":"c0f4c304d1e7deb132bdaaac7c8a62a4874ec599a6f9bc47623d62e1caaefb0f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c0f4c304d1e7deb132bdaaac7c8a62a4874ec599a6f9bc47623d62e1caaefb0f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-09T05:37:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD6CDKX3K7A7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a53622ba5c42f394372d08dc67e72390ea3acfbe69830a2d2c4ffe747456adb3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2018-09-17T18:31:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"486f60808d42e50b5b3b81272de4ac82b0814d826e3ab315af9fda132a5e22de"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.06398","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.06398","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.06398v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.06398","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XIPBX6CX5OQP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XIPBX6CX5OQPI6UD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XIPBX6CX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c0f4c304d1e7deb132bdaaac7c8a62a4874ec599a6f9bc47623d62e1caaefb0f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The segmentation of plant roots from soil and other growing media in X-ray computed tomography images is needed to effectively study the root system architecture without excavation. However, segmentation is a challenging problem in this context because the root and non-root regions share similar features. In this paper, we describe a method based on level sets and specifically adapted for this segmentation problem. In particular, we deal with the issues of using a level sets approach on large image volumes for root segmentation, and track active regions of the front using an occupancy grid. Th","authors_text":"Amy Tabb, Christopher N. Topp, Keith E. Duncan","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2018-09-17T18:31:51Z","title":"Segmenting root systems in X-ray computed tomography images using level sets"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.06398","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d9448fad752cd500313f068b2494cb1919bbf5acccb5992c229368c4921fee2b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a53622ba5c42f394372d08dc67e72390ea3acfbe69830a2d2c4ffe747456adb3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2018-09-17T18:31:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"486f60808d42e50b5b3b81272de4ac82b0814d826e3ab315af9fda132a5e22de"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.06398","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ba1e1bf857eba0f47a83f086abed5f07c0be21ef494d5fd0d67bd88c30e118fd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ba1e1bf857eba0f47a83f086abed5f07c0be21ef494d5fd0d67bd88c30e118fd","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27.304245Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27.304245Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GI3qcDeUWdChMVCkP/sKkcV9ofEceo14uT+Ir4EPzghY/A+cUZuUsTl4BWN4KCdTiO0KwdHT0BO2/InAS4PqCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:05:27.304906Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1809.06398","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d9448fad752cd500313f068b2494cb1919bbf5acccb5992c229368c4921fee2b","sha256:c0f4c304d1e7deb132bdaaac7c8a62a4874ec599a6f9bc47623d62e1caaefb0f"],"state_sha256":"39713b75af251a7f8615d666649d2ebcf37f04ebd36748f27867b4f129a28ccf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SZF+9Shhray8fpg1i9SsCnv6b1+s6NaYZto1xf7LjLwl6hKPtlmyzHJfh3PDbYC1QYFR41/YisgfsMzLaSJ+CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T05:37:20.224259Z","bundle_sha256":"750070c427837a46bd928be865d6ca3d6c8e3a01827932e238f350bde2af25dd"}}