{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3","short_pith_number":"pith:XJBLEXOB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1208.2215","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-08-10T16:57:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"6cbe0c8ef5d379f5e50f34e9ae0896a72d50158ed2896c65a4c06fc9f3cbfd21","abstract_canon_sha256":"2dd3aff3b23c09895f9e351efc0af87d400e00a143bc7fa2cee7be3d6d687ebf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ba42b25dc1a712947dcc9d512f24f3bec99791baaec7427501c9e8cd00851955","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1208.2215","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1208.2215","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1208.2215v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1208.2215","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XJBLEXOBU4JJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XJBLEXOB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:27Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1208.2215","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-08-10T16:57:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"6cbe0c8ef5d379f5e50f34e9ae0896a72d50158ed2896c65a4c06fc9f3cbfd21","abstract_canon_sha256":"2dd3aff3b23c09895f9e351efc0af87d400e00a143bc7fa2cee7be3d6d687ebf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ba42b25dc1a712947dcc9d512f24f3bec99791baaec7427501c9e8cd00851955","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13.764010Z","signature_b64":"/CpxlV/sK7MT+GEG7vPOmJdEck22pnHfXM7szXPHJljt7NmmbkAGL3WBlu1S3DVT3azya3BKCm5TGw5Mc9s+AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ba42b25dc1a712947dcc9d512f24f3bec99791baaec7427501c9e8cd00851955","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13.763344Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13.763344Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1208.2215","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6i0NH6gSlT5NyT2Rnsj1Cgb7XrAaGfkiPdnrLdUK0uB7SNNxqtqf3UvSP6gX0aRnKoWVlUCTP5sUs6dPACxzCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T05:35:41.374722Z"},"content_sha256":"91e808b489cd183e79fdc9e7a4e932603af28491ff35b5b0544e81171ebb98fa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:91e808b489cd183e79fdc9e7a4e932603af28491ff35b5b0544e81171ebb98fa"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Lattice Expansion in Seamless Bi layer Graphene Constrictions at High Bias","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Amelia Barreiro, Bernd Buechner, Daniel Wolf, Felix Boerrnert, Lieven M. K. Vandersypen, Mark H. Ruemmeli, Mikhail I. Katsnelson","submitted_at":"2012-08-10T16:57:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"Our understanding of sp2 carbon nanostructures is still emerging and is important for the development of high performance all carbon devices. For example, in terms of the structural behavior of graphene or bi-layer graphene at high bias, little to nothing is known. To this end we investigated bi-layer graphene constrictions with closed edges (seamless) at high bias using in situ atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy. We directly observe a highly localized anomalously large lattice expansion inside the constriction. Both the current density and lattice expansion increase as the bi-"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1208.2215","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vMbOyTuUUOfMHysoVSvBekW0cD2gzzzCAD9MThVH8hrP2VTxmsrY+PXg6reXg1pH0Dr4i6ufy+cgNnv3UGE7Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T05:35:41.375396Z"},"content_sha256":"530e8addeb36e6cf567b3a31a31a7fa8e75812f6c1a59d976b2812a2bf5ddcb3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:530e8addeb36e6cf567b3a31a31a7fa8e75812f6c1a59d976b2812a2bf5ddcb3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-19T05:35:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OMTVIS6JHTX3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2dd3aff3b23c09895f9e351efc0af87d400e00a143bc7fa2cee7be3d6d687ebf","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-08-10T16:57:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"6cbe0c8ef5d379f5e50f34e9ae0896a72d50158ed2896c65a4c06fc9f3cbfd21"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1208.2215","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1208.2215","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1208.2215v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1208.2215","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XJBLEXOBU4JJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XJBLEXOBU4JJI7OM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XJBLEXOB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:27Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:530e8addeb36e6cf567b3a31a31a7fa8e75812f6c1a59d976b2812a2bf5ddcb3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Our understanding of sp2 carbon nanostructures is still emerging and is important for the development of high performance all carbon devices. For example, in terms of the structural behavior of graphene or bi-layer graphene at high bias, little to nothing is known. To this end we investigated bi-layer graphene constrictions with closed edges (seamless) at high bias using in situ atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy. We directly observe a highly localized anomalously large lattice expansion inside the constriction. Both the current density and lattice expansion increase as the bi-","authors_text":"Amelia Barreiro, Bernd Buechner, Daniel Wolf, Felix Boerrnert, Lieven M. K. Vandersypen, Mark H. Ruemmeli, Mikhail I. Katsnelson","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-08-10T16:57:34Z","title":"Lattice Expansion in Seamless Bi layer Graphene Constrictions at High Bias"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1208.2215","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:91e808b489cd183e79fdc9e7a4e932603af28491ff35b5b0544e81171ebb98fa","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2dd3aff3b23c09895f9e351efc0af87d400e00a143bc7fa2cee7be3d6d687ebf","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2012-08-10T16:57:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"6cbe0c8ef5d379f5e50f34e9ae0896a72d50158ed2896c65a4c06fc9f3cbfd21"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1208.2215","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ba42b25dc1a712947dcc9d512f24f3bec99791baaec7427501c9e8cd00851955","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ba42b25dc1a712947dcc9d512f24f3bec99791baaec7427501c9e8cd00851955","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13.763344Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13.763344Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/CpxlV/sK7MT+GEG7vPOmJdEck22pnHfXM7szXPHJljt7NmmbkAGL3WBlu1S3DVT3azya3BKCm5TGw5Mc9s+AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:35:13.764010Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1208.2215","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:91e808b489cd183e79fdc9e7a4e932603af28491ff35b5b0544e81171ebb98fa","sha256:530e8addeb36e6cf567b3a31a31a7fa8e75812f6c1a59d976b2812a2bf5ddcb3"],"state_sha256":"a90ca950680821837844435eda0384703026389e807636936dbdab25356890ca"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OexwcVoJLa1ktQfkN0X72jTUDisxfUIj54fGi0y4Fq9rrRmv7zijiO91fA1D+4GX4OaEoJe17O3fROeJnvvdCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-19T05:35:41.377435Z","bundle_sha256":"2d5ee4b0160623f0ac7df849ea5a02e50ec2f75b57c987b1104e86d70f7065e3"}}