{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G","short_pith_number":"pith:XK4HKPPV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.00204","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-01T04:07:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NA","math.NA","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"6d5b9a93946aa225a23d21b8e2f3cbffdc3e05a41c5737a3ee1f10ebf9c14692","abstract_canon_sha256":"69f3bf1fc8535cda6f9340099f2f50193f2eef87d7a6ab63ab348a0c10abc33d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bab8753df59c28bbb9a572000d46a5e995d2b1b021ef353178b85da9195e09be","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.00204","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.00204","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.00204v4","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.00204","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XK4HKPPVTQUL","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XK4HKPPVTQULXONF","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XK4HKPPV","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.00204","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-01T04:07:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NA","math.NA","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"6d5b9a93946aa225a23d21b8e2f3cbffdc3e05a41c5737a3ee1f10ebf9c14692","abstract_canon_sha256":"69f3bf1fc8535cda6f9340099f2f50193f2eef87d7a6ab63ab348a0c10abc33d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bab8753df59c28bbb9a572000d46a5e995d2b1b021ef353178b85da9195e09be","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34.180664Z","signature_b64":"2EAxvPmmxQEXemN0UIaIbF3bTPoBog2ud+VaC7LdGjO3jBHly1Nr6meh7BdFXEOofrtYw6wgEw8sK+RS+GGLDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bab8753df59c28bbb9a572000d46a5e995d2b1b021ef353178b85da9195e09be","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34.179982Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34.179982Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.00204","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K6vshjCS/hQzxZC7HKgFM0mXW33CjOoWtHmJqqkfCE9kET+p1MX/Q/GET0crn2UYmfw6ditt+fQa3s1/4u99CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-28T11:33:07.785496Z"},"content_sha256":"e3537881711d9956dacc625a6a87cbff04e9fcabb70657ac79f844088c6bc12d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e3537881711d9956dacc625a6a87cbff04e9fcabb70657ac79f844088c6bc12d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Scalar Quantization as Sparse Least Square Optimization","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.NA","math.NA","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Chen Wang, Kai Zhou, Miao Du, Ruisen Luo, Shaomin Fei, Xiaofeng Gong, Xiaomei Yang","submitted_at":"2018-03-01T04:07:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"Quantization can be used to form new vectors/matrices with shared values close to the original. In recent years, the popularity of scalar quantization for value-sharing applications has been soaring as it has been found huge utilities in reducing the complexity of neural networks. Existing clustering-based quantization techniques, while being well-developed, have multiple drawbacks including the dependency of the random seed, empty or out-of-the-range clusters, and high time complexity for a large number of clusters. To overcome these problems, in this paper, the problem of scalar quantization"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.00204","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1803.00204/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"REpLtytxjAb6bKS/rlxiAY1Mk36bNON+Z25RA2M3cxcG7tDQK/QlcdlA6iX2Jx8g3f056mm3pWh+EUiS4ho9Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-28T11:33:07.785890Z"},"content_sha256":"a3ad8a4072db809e64e8e90d241bf65ff3161cc2d1d3ea2745892eef25091ccc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a3ad8a4072db809e64e8e90d241bf65ff3161cc2d1d3ea2745892eef25091ccc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-28T11:33:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:XK4HKPPVTQULXONFOIAA2RVF5G","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"69f3bf1fc8535cda6f9340099f2f50193f2eef87d7a6ab63ab348a0c10abc33d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NA","math.NA","stat.ML"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-01T04:07:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"6d5b9a93946aa225a23d21b8e2f3cbffdc3e05a41c5737a3ee1f10ebf9c14692"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.00204","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.00204","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.00204v4","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.00204","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XK4HKPPVTQUL","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XK4HKPPVTQULXONF","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XK4HKPPV","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a3ad8a4072db809e64e8e90d241bf65ff3161cc2d1d3ea2745892eef25091ccc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1803.00204/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Quantization can be used to form new vectors/matrices with shared values close to the original. In recent years, the popularity of scalar quantization for value-sharing applications has been soaring as it has been found huge utilities in reducing the complexity of neural networks. Existing clustering-based quantization techniques, while being well-developed, have multiple drawbacks including the dependency of the random seed, empty or out-of-the-range clusters, and high time complexity for a large number of clusters. To overcome these problems, in this paper, the problem of scalar quantization","authors_text":"Chen Wang, Kai Zhou, Miao Du, Ruisen Luo, Shaomin Fei, Xiaofeng Gong, Xiaomei Yang","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.NA","math.NA","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-01T04:07:40Z","title":"Scalar Quantization as Sparse Least Square Optimization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.00204","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e3537881711d9956dacc625a6a87cbff04e9fcabb70657ac79f844088c6bc12d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"69f3bf1fc8535cda6f9340099f2f50193f2eef87d7a6ab63ab348a0c10abc33d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NA","math.NA","stat.ML"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-01T04:07:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"6d5b9a93946aa225a23d21b8e2f3cbffdc3e05a41c5737a3ee1f10ebf9c14692"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.00204","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"bab8753df59c28bbb9a572000d46a5e995d2b1b021ef353178b85da9195e09be","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bab8753df59c28bbb9a572000d46a5e995d2b1b021ef353178b85da9195e09be","first_computed_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34.179982Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34.179982Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"2EAxvPmmxQEXemN0UIaIbF3bTPoBog2ud+VaC7LdGjO3jBHly1Nr6meh7BdFXEOofrtYw6wgEw8sK+RS+GGLDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-06-04T19:11:34.180664Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.00204","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e3537881711d9956dacc625a6a87cbff04e9fcabb70657ac79f844088c6bc12d","sha256:a3ad8a4072db809e64e8e90d241bf65ff3161cc2d1d3ea2745892eef25091ccc"],"state_sha256":"0df91ee226ec930cb14f6560fc904ca15c0638ca08f12ab2ff9ab618b6535d5e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Wh1rQAdNskPF1DTk7YrA61us6x0aD3ST4VP3htF0qn+un4Kklu21+uVQrcUogFLo+H21cRiUgON44hQ7xgMVCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-28T11:33:07.787803Z","bundle_sha256":"4290bb0c37d141bb5718cfeea9baf9ed73f305209b8df9d57eb15b3621347539"}}