{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS","short_pith_number":"pith:XLBV4B4A","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2109.03395","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2021-09-08T02:02:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"cdf9d3311ef2409cf427dd1a153e5e76ec86bb9dbad9fa80ac7930238ce56f74","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c3b793eb4f5fa40aa0df18233334ae0a806e43cee6a827edcc520fbfe13d652"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bac35e0780dfa2335a546c694fe50d04a07260803669f110de8f64bdd8cd1612","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2109.03395","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.03395","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.03395v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.03395","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XLBV4B4A36RD","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XLBV4B4A36RDGWSU","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XLBV4B4A","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2109.03395","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2021-09-08T02:02:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"cdf9d3311ef2409cf427dd1a153e5e76ec86bb9dbad9fa80ac7930238ce56f74","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c3b793eb4f5fa40aa0df18233334ae0a806e43cee6a827edcc520fbfe13d652"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bac35e0780dfa2335a546c694fe50d04a07260803669f110de8f64bdd8cd1612","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15.445719Z","signature_b64":"nBpQIr5p/9AjjT6Yqf7UHrrhIn6S0pCgwMqGHPEXv68d7PcBlyjKa0Xr4p1AfxrQJsq+0nZrWpRDMw2U3bs/AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bac35e0780dfa2335a546c694fe50d04a07260803669f110de8f64bdd8cd1612","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15.445206Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15.445206Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2109.03395","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rbp9uT/gxSwPdrOFBM4lwjud/8Wo7/6zHc7DUQE/1W3XpM4+MU9iBtyGPG5s77MD2nYD4QhfhBlR5HGXbWlgAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:57:57.715287Z"},"content_sha256":"9a55219751450f7cb33cfe508662387a012ac5e404ecdd3009cb46fdbfaadba9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9a55219751450f7cb33cfe508662387a012ac5e404ecdd3009cb46fdbfaadba9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"From Cloud to Edge: A First Look at Public Edge Platforms","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.NI","authors_text":"Feng Qian, Jingyu Yang, Ke Li, Li Zhang, Mengwei Xu, Shangguang Wang, Xiao Ma, Xuanzhe Liu, Yanan Li, Zhe Fu","submitted_at":"2021-09-08T02:02:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"Public edge platforms have drawn increasing attention from both academia and industry. In this study, we perform a first-of-its-kind measurement study on a leading public edge platform that has been densely deployed in China. Based on this measurement, we quantitatively answer two critical yet unexplored questions. First, from end users' perspective, what is the performance of commodity edge platforms compared to cloud, in terms of the end-to-end network delay, throughput, and the application QoE. Second, from the edge service provider's perspective, how are the edge workloads different from c"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.03395","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2109.03395/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"boh7w9b8Kwa6NybimOUPr/s0vZRypeRkYI+RX2iSbkUAk8gCUr5/yQOExhEqKdQZ+U64uh/SZvHTloilUBqFAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:57:57.715662Z"},"content_sha256":"2f6bd2aff1e92e82a0f61106abca552aa70f664f0067dbecc93adc593d6852df","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2f6bd2aff1e92e82a0f61106abca552aa70f664f0067dbecc93adc593d6852df"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T11:57:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:XLBV4B4A36RDGWSUNRUU7ZINAS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c3b793eb4f5fa40aa0df18233334ae0a806e43cee6a827edcc520fbfe13d652","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2021-09-08T02:02:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"cdf9d3311ef2409cf427dd1a153e5e76ec86bb9dbad9fa80ac7930238ce56f74"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.03395","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.03395","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.03395v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.03395","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XLBV4B4A36RD","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XLBV4B4A36RDGWSU","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XLBV4B4A","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2f6bd2aff1e92e82a0f61106abca552aa70f664f0067dbecc93adc593d6852df","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2109.03395/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Public edge platforms have drawn increasing attention from both academia and industry. In this study, we perform a first-of-its-kind measurement study on a leading public edge platform that has been densely deployed in China. Based on this measurement, we quantitatively answer two critical yet unexplored questions. First, from end users' perspective, what is the performance of commodity edge platforms compared to cloud, in terms of the end-to-end network delay, throughput, and the application QoE. Second, from the edge service provider's perspective, how are the edge workloads different from c","authors_text":"Feng Qian, Jingyu Yang, Ke Li, Li Zhang, Mengwei Xu, Shangguang Wang, Xiao Ma, Xuanzhe Liu, Yanan Li, Zhe Fu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2021-09-08T02:02:31Z","title":"From Cloud to Edge: A First Look at Public Edge Platforms"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.03395","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9a55219751450f7cb33cfe508662387a012ac5e404ecdd3009cb46fdbfaadba9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c3b793eb4f5fa40aa0df18233334ae0a806e43cee6a827edcc520fbfe13d652","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2021-09-08T02:02:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"cdf9d3311ef2409cf427dd1a153e5e76ec86bb9dbad9fa80ac7930238ce56f74"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.03395","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"bac35e0780dfa2335a546c694fe50d04a07260803669f110de8f64bdd8cd1612","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bac35e0780dfa2335a546c694fe50d04a07260803669f110de8f64bdd8cd1612","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15.445206Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15.445206Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nBpQIr5p/9AjjT6Yqf7UHrrhIn6S0pCgwMqGHPEXv68d7PcBlyjKa0Xr4p1AfxrQJsq+0nZrWpRDMw2U3bs/AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:15.445719Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2109.03395","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9a55219751450f7cb33cfe508662387a012ac5e404ecdd3009cb46fdbfaadba9","sha256:2f6bd2aff1e92e82a0f61106abca552aa70f664f0067dbecc93adc593d6852df"],"state_sha256":"c019b0701a48a7be30358d39f482d2a9aabbbfc7dc4a6e24967b809f3dfa9d0d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QDhFBlIFeXmWvgFkLw2XVVRqtuXn/FGv1Ouk3uB5ermjBpI29wBcBxPxm4F/PCAWeilg6lALPwXgGWX6I8uFAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:57:57.717582Z","bundle_sha256":"fa5c70a0c9c6164b798187b6b75067e5b2070d4cf92ab2469b937a296a6d21a8"}}