{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME","short_pith_number":"pith:XMDNL7GG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1406.6877","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T13:14:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e3af2a0b6c593b29ff7b8c43c4aa733fb56d0e08fea1a6440aa6251c0444c72a","abstract_canon_sha256":"16f4ff1c5eba2f8a34aa27074be497cc367ccabb6a4bcff25c354a561dd95f22"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bb06d5fcc62e494fdac8f26b895ce3612f91a8bf74956b317ed20af82cdcb0a0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1406.6877","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1406.6877","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1406.6877v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1406.6877","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XMDNL7GGFZEU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XMDNL7GG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1406.6877","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T13:14:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e3af2a0b6c593b29ff7b8c43c4aa733fb56d0e08fea1a6440aa6251c0444c72a","abstract_canon_sha256":"16f4ff1c5eba2f8a34aa27074be497cc367ccabb6a4bcff25c354a561dd95f22"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bb06d5fcc62e494fdac8f26b895ce3612f91a8bf74956b317ed20af82cdcb0a0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48.227309Z","signature_b64":"0jLAzKgIeF0Z+HDFL00O9a6DHpPFdmcm/snLj8Yj8M2wDeJ5nrAaHzWfS1xu2v6s+gABgcfnKYHX0iyI/lwUAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bb06d5fcc62e494fdac8f26b895ce3612f91a8bf74956b317ed20af82cdcb0a0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48.226704Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48.226704Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1406.6877","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"o58vi6N/xITQ8Xto8zC8N19OKcC2DXudTH6g9DZClCfsnqkknlcgcEGRSd+9wqUUWC94bsmb1NR9bnor5ONuCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-22T18:19:42.817082Z"},"content_sha256":"74866e3f600562d5950abe07c916d4b3c7a219eacf629656cff8352381c87858","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:74866e3f600562d5950abe07c916d4b3c7a219eacf629656cff8352381c87858"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The study of beam loading effect in the CSNS/RCS","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","authors_text":"Kai-Wei Li, Na Wang, Sheng Wang, Yao-Shuo Yuan, Yoshiro Irie","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T13:14:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"CSNS/RCS accelerates a high-intensity proton beam from 80 MeV to 1.6 GeV. Since the beam current and beam power is high, the beam loading is a severe problem for the stability of the circulating beam in the RCS. To study the beam loading effect in the CSNS/RCS theoretically, the RLC circuit model of the rf cavity, the method of the Fast Fourier Transform and the method of Laplace transform have been employed to obtain the impedance of the rf system, the beam spectrum and the beam-induced voltage, respectively. Based on these physical models, the beam dynamics equations have been revised and a "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1406.6877","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PTtypviLZNi+eJ8Ci/IIsWeu2IhIT6oZQS9n3ub7BNcK8v7gv+8q20wS1SwrqhmxlfuXFHS3+q1xXfdr14jRBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-22T18:19:42.817452Z"},"content_sha256":"b96bf7b57b3e949a670ef6da06731c814ae1bdaac4d776f643abea644188196d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b96bf7b57b3e949a670ef6da06731c814ae1bdaac4d776f643abea644188196d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-22T18:19:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI6JVYSXHDME","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"16f4ff1c5eba2f8a34aa27074be497cc367ccabb6a4bcff25c354a561dd95f22","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T13:14:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"e3af2a0b6c593b29ff7b8c43c4aa733fb56d0e08fea1a6440aa6251c0444c72a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1406.6877","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1406.6877","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1406.6877v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1406.6877","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XMDNL7GGFZEU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XMDNL7GGFZEU7WWI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XMDNL7GG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b96bf7b57b3e949a670ef6da06731c814ae1bdaac4d776f643abea644188196d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"CSNS/RCS accelerates a high-intensity proton beam from 80 MeV to 1.6 GeV. Since the beam current and beam power is high, the beam loading is a severe problem for the stability of the circulating beam in the RCS. To study the beam loading effect in the CSNS/RCS theoretically, the RLC circuit model of the rf cavity, the method of the Fast Fourier Transform and the method of Laplace transform have been employed to obtain the impedance of the rf system, the beam spectrum and the beam-induced voltage, respectively. Based on these physical models, the beam dynamics equations have been revised and a ","authors_text":"Kai-Wei Li, Na Wang, Sheng Wang, Yao-Shuo Yuan, Yoshiro Irie","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T13:14:25Z","title":"The study of beam loading effect in the CSNS/RCS"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1406.6877","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:74866e3f600562d5950abe07c916d4b3c7a219eacf629656cff8352381c87858","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"16f4ff1c5eba2f8a34aa27074be497cc367ccabb6a4bcff25c354a561dd95f22","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.acc-ph","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T13:14:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"e3af2a0b6c593b29ff7b8c43c4aa733fb56d0e08fea1a6440aa6251c0444c72a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1406.6877","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bb06d5fcc62e494fdac8f26b895ce3612f91a8bf74956b317ed20af82cdcb0a0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bb06d5fcc62e494fdac8f26b895ce3612f91a8bf74956b317ed20af82cdcb0a0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48.226704Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48.226704Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"0jLAzKgIeF0Z+HDFL00O9a6DHpPFdmcm/snLj8Yj8M2wDeJ5nrAaHzWfS1xu2v6s+gABgcfnKYHX0iyI/lwUAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:48.227309Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1406.6877","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:74866e3f600562d5950abe07c916d4b3c7a219eacf629656cff8352381c87858","sha256:b96bf7b57b3e949a670ef6da06731c814ae1bdaac4d776f643abea644188196d"],"state_sha256":"a29f1c62f9a619d0a34fbabe31fd974dacdeff62e19e324081c57e12015b3c88"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fnlajiAoGlBA7fpCPdWA85axipENIHaANDl5rMKXQqvmSqkWvfa+X/8yZW5aDb3XjevwdGrZXQU9Q4a93vlzDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-22T18:19:42.819695Z","bundle_sha256":"be4b699ec74ca8ed084b08a10caefd3cad55a8cd5811f90e342b1d4858632cd8"}}