{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE","short_pith_number":"pith:XNV72W4N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.12631","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2020-11-25T10:45:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a8d6f02203a97cce76fad15a595c2441ded6bb169450f1ed7e262330b403912e","abstract_canon_sha256":"092c18a562fe5e6c783bdc6e7b35d2b28d6115a1c24dc5fb945142eaaef72685"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bb6bfd5b8d7b6013d269653b11e15ab9295893e9ad2c5f23f16038d1e0686a77","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2011.12631","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.12631","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.12631v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.12631","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XNV72W4NPNQB","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XNV72W4N","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.12631","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2020-11-25T10:45:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a8d6f02203a97cce76fad15a595c2441ded6bb169450f1ed7e262330b403912e","abstract_canon_sha256":"092c18a562fe5e6c783bdc6e7b35d2b28d6115a1c24dc5fb945142eaaef72685"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bb6bfd5b8d7b6013d269653b11e15ab9295893e9ad2c5f23f16038d1e0686a77","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29.509497Z","signature_b64":"RxTI8q1uP97tUXqRaPqtAC0aaPvdsag2qLgY0he2wcqa2OoNH+d/teW4Kbv6ZxDL0PHcmsVIMc+D2h4wK8PuDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bb6bfd5b8d7b6013d269653b11e15ab9295893e9ad2c5f23f16038d1e0686a77","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29.509039Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29.509039Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2011.12631","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CItRwxKMSwg/Gp8ATYiv+Jnq0fUHQVzde6gZ6rIlizehKVUjL/3K2moFzNS7SXTO+vnZ1yp65Y6zsh43GExvAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T08:57:43.702167Z"},"content_sha256":"c88e4fbe8ab8889829b2d7d0d955eb05331d0600a82ba34e16c2a6c1cb81da49","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c88e4fbe8ab8889829b2d7d0d955eb05331d0600a82ba34e16c2a6c1cb81da49"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Panoramic Survey of Natural Language Processing in the Arab World","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Hamdy Mubarak, Hend Al-Khalifa, Houda Bouamor, Huseein T. Al-Natsheh, Kareem Darwish, Karim Bouzoubaa, Mourad Abbas, Mustafa Jarrar, Nizar Habash, Samhaa R. El-Beltagy, Violetta Cavalli-Sforza, Wassim El-Hajj","submitted_at":"2020-11-25T10:45:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"The term natural language refers to any system of symbolic communication (spoken, signed or written) without intentional human planning and design. This distinguishes natural languages such as Arabic and Japanese from artificially constructed languages such as Esperanto or Python. Natural language processing (NLP) is the sub-field of artificial intelligence (AI) focused on modeling natural languages to build applications such as speech recognition and synthesis, machine translation, optical character recognition (OCR), sentiment analysis (SA), question answering, dialogue systems, etc. NLP is "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.12631","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2011.12631/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xA/zCrOxOBQ/d7yLLT5rO86MQnlQp2KaXiN6WO0n6dHPQl9V6ZNy26H4ROIrDKkB4K0gY3JSg2QbC9ZjBGhmCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T08:57:43.703166Z"},"content_sha256":"038205c8c71d0ee26d6fe10ec42c5c80e30d00806d0edf76bb3d51293e717159","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:038205c8c71d0ee26d6fe10ec42c5c80e30d00806d0edf76bb3d51293e717159"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-14T08:57:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJMU5RDYK2XE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"092c18a562fe5e6c783bdc6e7b35d2b28d6115a1c24dc5fb945142eaaef72685","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2020-11-25T10:45:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"a8d6f02203a97cce76fad15a595c2441ded6bb169450f1ed7e262330b403912e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.12631","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.12631","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.12631v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.12631","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XNV72W4NPNQB","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XNV72W4NPNQBHUTJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XNV72W4N","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:038205c8c71d0ee26d6fe10ec42c5c80e30d00806d0edf76bb3d51293e717159","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2011.12631/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The term natural language refers to any system of symbolic communication (spoken, signed or written) without intentional human planning and design. This distinguishes natural languages such as Arabic and Japanese from artificially constructed languages such as Esperanto or Python. Natural language processing (NLP) is the sub-field of artificial intelligence (AI) focused on modeling natural languages to build applications such as speech recognition and synthesis, machine translation, optical character recognition (OCR), sentiment analysis (SA), question answering, dialogue systems, etc. NLP is ","authors_text":"Hamdy Mubarak, Hend Al-Khalifa, Houda Bouamor, Huseein T. Al-Natsheh, Kareem Darwish, Karim Bouzoubaa, Mourad Abbas, Mustafa Jarrar, Nizar Habash, Samhaa R. El-Beltagy, Violetta Cavalli-Sforza, Wassim El-Hajj","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2020-11-25T10:45:38Z","title":"A Panoramic Survey of Natural Language Processing in the Arab World"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.12631","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c88e4fbe8ab8889829b2d7d0d955eb05331d0600a82ba34e16c2a6c1cb81da49","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"092c18a562fe5e6c783bdc6e7b35d2b28d6115a1c24dc5fb945142eaaef72685","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2020-11-25T10:45:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"a8d6f02203a97cce76fad15a595c2441ded6bb169450f1ed7e262330b403912e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.12631","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"bb6bfd5b8d7b6013d269653b11e15ab9295893e9ad2c5f23f16038d1e0686a77","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bb6bfd5b8d7b6013d269653b11e15ab9295893e9ad2c5f23f16038d1e0686a77","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29.509039Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29.509039Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RxTI8q1uP97tUXqRaPqtAC0aaPvdsag2qLgY0he2wcqa2OoNH+d/teW4Kbv6ZxDL0PHcmsVIMc+D2h4wK8PuDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:17:29.509497Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2011.12631","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c88e4fbe8ab8889829b2d7d0d955eb05331d0600a82ba34e16c2a6c1cb81da49","sha256:038205c8c71d0ee26d6fe10ec42c5c80e30d00806d0edf76bb3d51293e717159"],"state_sha256":"c86cc5eeebdd28edee9cc8fa83ab92d59eab990c173f9e4091664967a9cffb9a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TWk3pUFj6xx2ykJc/5aSrYaM1GOOxsDVIyD6CGPitgyk85Ln/deHzeTue2O3kIDJFoJ0Fmr0amy6iZEBjv/kCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T08:57:43.710403Z","bundle_sha256":"452c95898618f6babcfd1cf29172c8584d4a7a11072f304ea13c3aff980ea1c9"}}