{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2018:XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO","short_pith_number":"pith:XORNFUFZ","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"bba2d2d0b9b71ffaec9dd7e9e441774bbc1d6260b8542cdd1988487673750148","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1804.01692","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Surface Step Defect in 3D Topological Insulators: Electric Manipulation of Spin and Quantum Spin Hall Effect","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Ai-Min Guo, Qing-Feng Sun, Yan-Feng Zhou","submitted_at":"2018-04-05T07:05:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the influence of step defect on surface states in three-dimensional topological insulators subject to a perpendicular magnetic field. By calculating the energy spectrum of the surface states, we find that Landau levels (LLs) can form on flat regions of the surface and are distant from the step defect, and several subbands emerge at side surface of the step defect. The subband which connects to the two zeroth LLs is spin-polarized and chiral. In particular, when the electron transports along the side surface, the electron spin direction can be manipulated arbitrarily by gate voltage. A"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1804.01692","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2018-04-05T07:05:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"67eb84ca80e7a6e4b2a3ec346c2be5312c0dbe339976a3a50fc72a53ed830b50","abstract_canon_sha256":"879585064b1e490c3259abe97f4b03b49bb538ded5e215edfa33e0ed2692c81a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:10.337648Z","signature_b64":"PRv7ssMQnwP2sGvRQb/js4gyNc/eiSsgxbvqyzluXx2uSrxzQSlL9cvpW+qrGCWWYNVlFDkKUDKrHnu87p6XCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bba2d2d0b9b71ffaec9dd7e9e441774bbc1d6260b8542cdd1988487673750148","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:10.337165Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:10.337165Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Surface Step Defect in 3D Topological Insulators: Electric Manipulation of Spin and Quantum Spin Hall Effect","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Ai-Min Guo, Qing-Feng Sun, Yan-Feng Zhou","submitted_at":"2018-04-05T07:05:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the influence of step defect on surface states in three-dimensional topological insulators subject to a perpendicular magnetic field. By calculating the energy spectrum of the surface states, we find that Landau levels (LLs) can form on flat regions of the surface and are distant from the step defect, and several subbands emerge at side surface of the step defect. The subband which connects to the two zeroth LLs is spin-polarized and chiral. In particular, when the electron transports along the side surface, the electron spin direction can be manipulated arbitrarily by gate voltage. A"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1804.01692","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1804.01692","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:10.337241+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1804.01692v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:10.337241+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1804.01692","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:10.337241+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XORNFUFZW4P7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01.666342+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XORNFUFZW4P7V3E5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01.666342+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XORNFUFZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01.666342+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO","json":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/XORNFUFZ"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/XORNFUFZ","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1804.01692&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/XORNFUFZW4P7V3E527U6IQLXJO/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:10.337241+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:10.337241+00:00"}