{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI","short_pith_number":"pith:XP2MR2MT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.14156","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T09:53:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"b18daf2a2dc88bbbe11b573468b18a826f6b1c19f4302a46522c3048242a5f32","abstract_canon_sha256":"6c8f80aa01d44826db546b187b0a4ebe69d3e967fbb8e8c2dabcfc9ac13ea15c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bbf4c8e993e59cd6ceb31a3c2c85b35a1475e31ac6ee2835b65422996ed4059a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2406.14156","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.14156","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.14156v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.14156","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XP2MR2MT4WON","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XP2MR2MT4WONNTVT","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XP2MR2MT","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.14156","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T09:53:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"b18daf2a2dc88bbbe11b573468b18a826f6b1c19f4302a46522c3048242a5f32","abstract_canon_sha256":"6c8f80aa01d44826db546b187b0a4ebe69d3e967fbb8e8c2dabcfc9ac13ea15c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bbf4c8e993e59cd6ceb31a3c2c85b35a1475e31ac6ee2835b65422996ed4059a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30.114038Z","signature_b64":"pAMQOLoHzIF0CuPRW29H3ZySPBgjqyb+Bmhf8QdMyOELaI8lE/3fhTmisaAnMA52tCeFcxpTANaB7HO6d9MhDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bbf4c8e993e59cd6ceb31a3c2c85b35a1475e31ac6ee2835b65422996ed4059a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30.113604Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30.113604Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2406.14156","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Uw/gkWTkegkPBF8z5bcYMVQeH7vy/VYZ93YCVaDrm/RCLpJg3Y5ViIAnRdhzC0vIcX3QCk8G+MDl2o4l2nesAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T17:04:01.524723Z"},"content_sha256":"d8a855f464d690bb59584a11530fcf14e3de2c88b476e06ece78d24634948181","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d8a855f464d690bb59584a11530fcf14e3de2c88b476e06ece78d24634948181"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Tractable Equilibrium Computation in Markov Games through Risk Aversion","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"primary_cat":"cs.GT","authors_text":"Eric Mazumdar, Kishan Panaganti, Laixi Shi","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T09:53:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"A significant roadblock to the development of principled multi-agent reinforcement learning is the fact that desired solution concepts like Nash equilibria may be intractable to compute. To overcome this obstacle, we take inspiration from behavioral economics and show that -- by imbuing agents with important features of human decision-making like risk aversion and bounded rationality -- a class of risk-averse quantal response equilibria (RQE) become tractable to compute in all $n$-player matrix and finite-horizon Markov games. In particular, we show that they emerge as the endpoint of no-regre"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.14156","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2406.14156/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8SQnGAq9YJ4/YICMABJlQPfl6URkt5pxQb+AP8JaWQ48fhd/cTVeMWQoDof7Hh5rDpWx5On/Rofio1oxxooeBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T17:04:01.525198Z"},"content_sha256":"312bd2d01b33d68b3a5088bd5351d1300c882e83779cbcf785863dde101ebef4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:312bd2d01b33d68b3a5088bd5351d1300c882e83779cbcf785863dde101ebef4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-13T17:04:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:XP2MR2MT4WONNTVTDI6CZBNTLI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6c8f80aa01d44826db546b187b0a4ebe69d3e967fbb8e8c2dabcfc9ac13ea15c","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T09:53:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"b18daf2a2dc88bbbe11b573468b18a826f6b1c19f4302a46522c3048242a5f32"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.14156","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.14156","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.14156v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.14156","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XP2MR2MT4WON","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XP2MR2MT4WONNTVT","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XP2MR2MT","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:312bd2d01b33d68b3a5088bd5351d1300c882e83779cbcf785863dde101ebef4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2406.14156/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A significant roadblock to the development of principled multi-agent reinforcement learning is the fact that desired solution concepts like Nash equilibria may be intractable to compute. To overcome this obstacle, we take inspiration from behavioral economics and show that -- by imbuing agents with important features of human decision-making like risk aversion and bounded rationality -- a class of risk-averse quantal response equilibria (RQE) become tractable to compute in all $n$-player matrix and finite-horizon Markov games. In particular, we show that they emerge as the endpoint of no-regre","authors_text":"Eric Mazumdar, Kishan Panaganti, Laixi Shi","cross_cats":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T09:53:56Z","title":"Tractable Equilibrium Computation in Markov Games through Risk Aversion"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.14156","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d8a855f464d690bb59584a11530fcf14e3de2c88b476e06ece78d24634948181","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6c8f80aa01d44826db546b187b0a4ebe69d3e967fbb8e8c2dabcfc9ac13ea15c","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2024-06-20T09:53:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"b18daf2a2dc88bbbe11b573468b18a826f6b1c19f4302a46522c3048242a5f32"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.14156","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"bbf4c8e993e59cd6ceb31a3c2c85b35a1475e31ac6ee2835b65422996ed4059a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bbf4c8e993e59cd6ceb31a3c2c85b35a1475e31ac6ee2835b65422996ed4059a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30.113604Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30.113604Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pAMQOLoHzIF0CuPRW29H3ZySPBgjqyb+Bmhf8QdMyOELaI8lE/3fhTmisaAnMA52tCeFcxpTANaB7HO6d9MhDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:59:30.114038Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2406.14156","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d8a855f464d690bb59584a11530fcf14e3de2c88b476e06ece78d24634948181","sha256:312bd2d01b33d68b3a5088bd5351d1300c882e83779cbcf785863dde101ebef4"],"state_sha256":"a51b9453036da87278bcd0430b70eb41528c87b490c8c4bb3f4ef4918bd55be0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Moa0E9R1WycIU3Z05m2y201FLKF7DQPtJc/Y9LgSs0X9rYONhqoXI5BaB6qEwfKZPWpmODd43xjCUetdPvgSBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T17:04:01.528135Z","bundle_sha256":"f97482f038c3e90a49a16496d93b97868c82d8c62f0d701c4b8139eddc68aaeb"}}