{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72","short_pith_number":"pith:XPPM5AUV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.01337","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T21:59:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"62a1015584ffea203df6a9f1ca11f914240497c8574a7dd72981fb771ae73864","abstract_canon_sha256":"8509d58def3afc00ca01979486932f289e5c3978ca7d480b0ca81fcd554d3964"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bbdece82951584164c36bd3e995730feab538b14d57bb0a9657b1ac643d41a49","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1601.01337","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.01337","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.01337v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.01337","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XPPM5AUVCWCB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XPPM5AUV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.01337","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T21:59:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"62a1015584ffea203df6a9f1ca11f914240497c8574a7dd72981fb771ae73864","abstract_canon_sha256":"8509d58def3afc00ca01979486932f289e5c3978ca7d480b0ca81fcd554d3964"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bbdece82951584164c36bd3e995730feab538b14d57bb0a9657b1ac643d41a49","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25.454772Z","signature_b64":"53rI1ocHWMhQSldWaJumFG8+SmAINXk33S6HBk8uVWCIli/Dcg+9QDqBTY2XQw8s/ytx5xasoe2fxR2gp+NmBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bbdece82951584164c36bd3e995730feab538b14d57bb0a9657b1ac643d41a49","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25.454210Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25.454210Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1601.01337","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H9VtLQsMe+Y+lBYwtk+KVhOSiyXMJkydnHMrMWropFOiwXOvnShLhRYq9BLxY0zlubE09kW4raNjWJb53R00Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T01:09:00.286224Z"},"content_sha256":"025d1d3e89d19a18dbbd8b52a481025a88729a4b103f3c0112263ceb9871d712","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:025d1d3e89d19a18dbbd8b52a481025a88729a4b103f3c0112263ceb9871d712"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Chemical abundances in high-redshift galaxies: A powerful new emission line diagnostic","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"David C. Nicholls, Lisa J. Kewley, Michael A. Dopita, Ralph S. Sutherland","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T21:59:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"This Letter presents a new, remarkably simple diagnostic specifically designed to derive chemical abundances for high redshift galaxies. It uses only the H \\alpha, [N II] and [S II] emission lines, which can usually be observed in a single gating stetting, and is almost linear up to an abundance of 12+log (O/H) = 9.05. It can be used over the full abundance range encountered in high redshift galaxies. By its use of emission lines located close together in wavelength, it is also independent of reddening. Our diagnostic depends critically on the calibration of the N/O ratio. However, by using re"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.01337","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TqF4hd8yU+evex/LOcKszrwYkreoUUW3ezRu/5EDlsF0CdblEC/32662zxSO72umr8pKv6vMlJUSsyBU5lO2Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T01:09:00.286595Z"},"content_sha256":"3939d00111e46d07341ca8c78cc9465da37990b6b569c95f809e8082c9c7d41e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3939d00111e46d07341ca8c78cc9465da37990b6b569c95f809e8082c9c7d41e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-09T01:09:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBWXU7JSVZQ72","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8509d58def3afc00ca01979486932f289e5c3978ca7d480b0ca81fcd554d3964","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T21:59:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"62a1015584ffea203df6a9f1ca11f914240497c8574a7dd72981fb771ae73864"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.01337","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.01337","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.01337v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.01337","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XPPM5AUVCWCB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XPPM5AUVCWCBMTBW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XPPM5AUV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3939d00111e46d07341ca8c78cc9465da37990b6b569c95f809e8082c9c7d41e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This Letter presents a new, remarkably simple diagnostic specifically designed to derive chemical abundances for high redshift galaxies. It uses only the H \\alpha, [N II] and [S II] emission lines, which can usually be observed in a single gating stetting, and is almost linear up to an abundance of 12+log (O/H) = 9.05. It can be used over the full abundance range encountered in high redshift galaxies. By its use of emission lines located close together in wavelength, it is also independent of reddening. Our diagnostic depends critically on the calibration of the N/O ratio. However, by using re","authors_text":"David C. Nicholls, Lisa J. Kewley, Michael A. Dopita, Ralph S. Sutherland","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T21:59:19Z","title":"Chemical abundances in high-redshift galaxies: A powerful new emission line diagnostic"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.01337","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:025d1d3e89d19a18dbbd8b52a481025a88729a4b103f3c0112263ceb9871d712","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8509d58def3afc00ca01979486932f289e5c3978ca7d480b0ca81fcd554d3964","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2016-01-06T21:59:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"62a1015584ffea203df6a9f1ca11f914240497c8574a7dd72981fb771ae73864"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.01337","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bbdece82951584164c36bd3e995730feab538b14d57bb0a9657b1ac643d41a49","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bbdece82951584164c36bd3e995730feab538b14d57bb0a9657b1ac643d41a49","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25.454210Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25.454210Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"53rI1ocHWMhQSldWaJumFG8+SmAINXk33S6HBk8uVWCIli/Dcg+9QDqBTY2XQw8s/ytx5xasoe2fxR2gp+NmBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:25.454772Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1601.01337","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:025d1d3e89d19a18dbbd8b52a481025a88729a4b103f3c0112263ceb9871d712","sha256:3939d00111e46d07341ca8c78cc9465da37990b6b569c95f809e8082c9c7d41e"],"state_sha256":"d2fde77692999f1fda188c4ca1f0c8abf62099ae8f05cf71f945d5a0286e1fa2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Tsgb1wx7I2pBVq8XyKJOfCu9GWMdOU5lJctW1K8Sj2ONGTEcXXUewwWBs5VGqooM08g0xYrmIBMGyCsSMnYkDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T01:09:00.288858Z","bundle_sha256":"1fec59e0708dc3a9d00767b4ae00b3b88f6e4339013ab4081ccb4fadfbb65cff"}}