{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI","short_pith_number":"pith:XTZR3TO5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1508.01171","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2015-08-05T18:54:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC"],"title_canon_sha256":"ce12f8196171d8b22962d1b821bb65d4deb1706456953bf154ebc578d7697a2d","abstract_canon_sha256":"b3637372634a07e95fbffe8195f8c407dcc2458b94d8362f3c6de9b79d420924"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bcf31dcddd5e097316bedc1c8d60e4220fb8fa92a73fc8abaf08dd84ac6b4aee","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1508.01171","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1508.01171","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1508.01171v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1508.01171","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XTZR3TO5LYEX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XTZR3TO5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1508.01171","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2015-08-05T18:54:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC"],"title_canon_sha256":"ce12f8196171d8b22962d1b821bb65d4deb1706456953bf154ebc578d7697a2d","abstract_canon_sha256":"b3637372634a07e95fbffe8195f8c407dcc2458b94d8362f3c6de9b79d420924"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bcf31dcddd5e097316bedc1c8d60e4220fb8fa92a73fc8abaf08dd84ac6b4aee","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20.331382Z","signature_b64":"zTphjEBNAt/gWmBxRSM0369U4lKEqPML7aR2Q7ZJ7y3Zc25XBgCsn3IqlO7K6okVZw82zqEsYLPscEb4kfq2CQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bcf31dcddd5e097316bedc1c8d60e4220fb8fa92a73fc8abaf08dd84ac6b4aee","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20.330878Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20.330878Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1508.01171","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4WtdEp7PBgPifQFT16zQalezglZ6wYd/SpurcYX2S841J0kWCcCO+qyHwrMcz9+BcCZsj1lVUMXaJTiBso/JAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T20:33:48.514138Z"},"content_sha256":"6fae7f77e31780552fa7fe4eb6fe2a4159d312811a3fafe0f103698efc8e5162","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6fae7f77e31780552fa7fe4eb6fe2a4159d312811a3fafe0f103698efc8e5162"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Meta-MapReduce: A Technique for Reducing Communication in MapReduce Computations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.DC"],"primary_cat":"cs.DB","authors_text":"Foto Afrati, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Shantanu Sharma, Shlomi Dolev","submitted_at":"2015-08-05T18:54:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"MapReduce has proven to be one of the most useful paradigms in the revolution of distributed computing, where cloud services and cluster computing become the standard venue for computing. The federation of cloud and big data activities is the next challenge where MapReduce should be modified to avoid (big) data migration across remote (cloud) sites. This is exactly our scope of research, where only the very essential data for obtaining the result is transmitted, reducing communication, processing and preserving data privacy as much as possible. In this work, we propose an algorithmic technique"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1508.01171","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8W8kTA+gMS8Xnc5M3ucclkgLxdfgAnRTW3ekj/p95obkskfrBD/iYJy5ulvf28JJ+d3QGl/oX0yMz/LKVKg1CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T20:33:48.514899Z"},"content_sha256":"03facc1fe060cc89006a703f588b71226aea3cf9e9806d1e19a4558aba412fc9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:03facc1fe060cc89006a703f588b71226aea3cf9e9806d1e19a4558aba412fc9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-29T20:33:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV63QOI2YHEEI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b3637372634a07e95fbffe8195f8c407dcc2458b94d8362f3c6de9b79d420924","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2015-08-05T18:54:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"ce12f8196171d8b22962d1b821bb65d4deb1706456953bf154ebc578d7697a2d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1508.01171","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1508.01171","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1508.01171v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1508.01171","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XTZR3TO5LYEX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XTZR3TO5LYEXGFV6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XTZR3TO5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:03facc1fe060cc89006a703f588b71226aea3cf9e9806d1e19a4558aba412fc9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"MapReduce has proven to be one of the most useful paradigms in the revolution of distributed computing, where cloud services and cluster computing become the standard venue for computing. The federation of cloud and big data activities is the next challenge where MapReduce should be modified to avoid (big) data migration across remote (cloud) sites. This is exactly our scope of research, where only the very essential data for obtaining the result is transmitted, reducing communication, processing and preserving data privacy as much as possible. In this work, we propose an algorithmic technique","authors_text":"Foto Afrati, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Shantanu Sharma, Shlomi Dolev","cross_cats":["cs.DC"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2015-08-05T18:54:32Z","title":"Meta-MapReduce: A Technique for Reducing Communication in MapReduce Computations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1508.01171","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6fae7f77e31780552fa7fe4eb6fe2a4159d312811a3fafe0f103698efc8e5162","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b3637372634a07e95fbffe8195f8c407dcc2458b94d8362f3c6de9b79d420924","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2015-08-05T18:54:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"ce12f8196171d8b22962d1b821bb65d4deb1706456953bf154ebc578d7697a2d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1508.01171","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"bcf31dcddd5e097316bedc1c8d60e4220fb8fa92a73fc8abaf08dd84ac6b4aee","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bcf31dcddd5e097316bedc1c8d60e4220fb8fa92a73fc8abaf08dd84ac6b4aee","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20.330878Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20.330878Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"zTphjEBNAt/gWmBxRSM0369U4lKEqPML7aR2Q7ZJ7y3Zc25XBgCsn3IqlO7K6okVZw82zqEsYLPscEb4kfq2CQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:20.331382Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1508.01171","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6fae7f77e31780552fa7fe4eb6fe2a4159d312811a3fafe0f103698efc8e5162","sha256:03facc1fe060cc89006a703f588b71226aea3cf9e9806d1e19a4558aba412fc9"],"state_sha256":"dfe825f9f691a173157bc8d5f2c933d765824177bf734fe80886e690c294a408"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HRfxDaCOlS8BOyTtGmqU2Cy+P97zPKL98288z9u+PugSu8o1lDGXgW6Rxl90xJH21ebVKr2rwcI55P8CTR5rAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T20:33:48.518577Z","bundle_sha256":"7c22b9cb14ef3e25622541da23bf454451ca5d8e4e0764ef08558804fd428afa"}}