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Zhan, X. Dong, X-H. Shi, X. Lin, X. L. Wang, X. M. Sun, X. Wang, X. Z. Cai, Y. Bai, Y. Fisyak, Y. G. Ma, Y. Li, Y. Lu, Y. N. Gorbunov, Y. Panebratsev, Y. P. Viyogi, Y. Sun, Yu. A. Matulenko, Y. Wang, Y. Wu, Y. Xu, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhao, Y. Zoulkarneeva, Z. Ahammed, Z. Chajecki, Z. P. Zhang, Z. Sun, Z. Tang, Z. Xu","submitted_at":"2008-07-21T14:09:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present measurements of net charge fluctuations in $Au + Au$ collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}} = $ 19.6, 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV, $Cu + Cu$ collisions at $\\sqrt{s_{NN}} = $ 62.4, 200 GeV, and $p + p$ collisions at $\\sqrt{s} = $ 200 GeV using the dynamical net charge fluctuations measure $\\nu_{+-{\\rm,dyn}}$. We observe that the dynamical fluctuations are non-zero at all energies and exhibit a modest dependence on beam energy. A weak system size dependence is also observed. 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Ljubicic, T. Ludlam, T. M. Cormier, T. Pawlak, T. P. Burton, T. Peitzmann, T. Sakuma, T. S. McShane, T. Tarnowsky, T. Ullrich, V. Emelianov, V. Fine, V. Ghazikhanian, V. I. Kravtsov, V. Kouchpil, V. N. Tram, V. Okorokov, V. Perevoztchikov, V. Rykov, V. Yu. Khodyrev, W. A. Love, W. Christie, W. Guryn, W. He, W. J. Llope, W. M. Zhang, W. Peryt, W. R. Edwards, W. T. Waggoner, W. W. Jacobs, W. Zhan, X. Dong, X-H. Shi, X. Lin, X. L. Wang, X. M. Sun, X. Wang, X. Z. Cai, Y. Bai, Y. Fisyak, Y. G. Ma, Y. Li, Y. Lu, Y. N. Gorbunov, Y. Panebratsev, Y. P. Viyogi, Y. Sun, Yu. A. Matulenko, Y. Wang, Y. Wu, Y. Xu, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhao, Y. Zoulkarneeva, Z. Ahammed, Z. Chajecki, Z. P. Zhang, Z. Sun, Z. Tang, Z. 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