{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:XVJSYE5QD6ECIU3V3CYHMAH5BL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a92174a610495f281085745fbdf35a0dc91137a653b19ebb3e7750f4d627531e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2023-04-09T05:10:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"6345fe687ac6295b8d35488efb19099944e1179b71e26b3b7703fcdbba39466e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.04162","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.04162","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.04162v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.04162","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XVJSYE5QD6EC","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XVJSYE5QD6ECIU3V","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XVJSYE5Q","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d15cac00c2094b04b3ed309c22f74aa46b38bf65a968a84e3707a827b3b64c8f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2304.04162/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Hierarchical Federated Learning (HFL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm tailored for multi-tiered computation architectures, which supports massive access of devices' models simultaneously. To enable efficient HFL, it is crucial to design suitable incentive mechanisms to ensure that devices actively participate in local training. However, there are few studies on incentive mechanism design for HFL. In this paper, we design two-level incentive mechanisms for the HFL with a two-tiered computing structure to encourage the participation of entities in each tier in the HFL training. In the","authors_text":"Feng Shu, Jun Li, Kang Wei, Kunlun Wang, Shunfeng Chu, Wen Chen, Yuwen Qian","cross_cats":["cs.DC","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2023-04-09T05:10:05Z","title":"Design of Two-Level Incentive Mechanisms for Hierarchical Federated Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.04162","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fe96cf5dbff8f659384c027083025948bd472ee7ad1a6c2b564bec1de440ff9d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a92174a610495f281085745fbdf35a0dc91137a653b19ebb3e7750f4d627531e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.DC","cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2023-04-09T05:10:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"6345fe687ac6295b8d35488efb19099944e1179b71e26b3b7703fcdbba39466e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.04162","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"bd532c13b01f88245375d8b07600fd0aef8cfd6a5454401c8ea0a5d1b102a905","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bd532c13b01f88245375d8b07600fd0aef8cfd6a5454401c8ea0a5d1b102a905","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50.215403Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50.215403Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bvLrh16Sc7plFNBnKyGc2kyoWUByjnTXXgpGiit3mH/SRbYpOknQ505c+kXLNI5vtCYKVIvHsUSvGsgFBI+VDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:33:50.215816Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2304.04162","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fe96cf5dbff8f659384c027083025948bd472ee7ad1a6c2b564bec1de440ff9d","sha256:d15cac00c2094b04b3ed309c22f74aa46b38bf65a968a84e3707a827b3b64c8f"],"state_sha256":"8c3a54bd6bae5175ac39077fcf4179bfb1760c379930b049a05e805083a472c4"}