{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA","short_pith_number":"pith:XVQDJ2XN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1307.3934","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2013-07-15T13:37:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"cc19d823fb6ee1fcb8c8940948ea446ad74d264dc1f08e17c41d2fef77e384e5","abstract_canon_sha256":"be75e928a251b548345726bf47d71c5742485b92a0a17756b679bea42f51089b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bd6034eaedfc45ab4cbbda1e278b46101bf2325601f25721a2c6ffaeefa7260c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1307.3934","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1307.3934","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1307.3934v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1307.3934","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XVQDJ2XN7RC2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XVQDJ2XN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1307.3934","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2013-07-15T13:37:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"cc19d823fb6ee1fcb8c8940948ea446ad74d264dc1f08e17c41d2fef77e384e5","abstract_canon_sha256":"be75e928a251b548345726bf47d71c5742485b92a0a17756b679bea42f51089b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bd6034eaedfc45ab4cbbda1e278b46101bf2325601f25721a2c6ffaeefa7260c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.210140Z","signature_b64":"5+BjKFHBxElX32ziqhp28BKWqR1o8vzK7hZUnPiswp3O3DRHdt2B1NzQs172lMvmNTnrCUD68fo8D+bWrLdBBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bd6034eaedfc45ab4cbbda1e278b46101bf2325601f25721a2c6ffaeefa7260c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.209526Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.209526Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1307.3934","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Tvl6N9jG+QNSWGuJGjl2lHnoViI3bLzj9VoZ7NDEhRisRqRTJ9HsXqWAD4SrxAuAW413xxpkDTbEaVUoqgoWCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-23T12:08:34.557483Z"},"content_sha256":"633c852e1afa206d1b4e4d1b4432565a9559467321948ca72c6ea358be9a5364","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:633c852e1afa206d1b4e4d1b4432565a9559467321948ca72c6ea358be9a5364"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mass flow in the circumbinary disk with gap around supermassive binary black holes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Ning-Yu Tang, Ye-Fei Yuan","submitted_at":"2013-07-15T13:37:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we study the interaction between the supermassive binary black holes in elliptical orbit and their surrounding disk with a gap.\n  The gap in the disk is a low density region formed due to the tidal effects of the less massive black hole. The binary we have investigated has a sub-parsec separation and is coplanar with the disk. We find that the maximum variation of the surface density in the gap reaches 50% during an orbital period. However, in other regions of the disk, the density variation is much less than 1%. Furthermore, we calculate the corresponding variation of spectral "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1307.3934","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ngupH/mPGg/zJHc/+2WlHUcsLZd/V4xP55gpsw+BNN7MTE+CaPL682NE8nq53ILylPSsHZ8/8/o/a3qQJHuJBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-23T12:08:34.557828Z"},"content_sha256":"0af704594739be3ac49f42d9fa228353856d07404fedbdb72ecb2de8cd92db0c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0af704594739be3ac49f42d9fa228353856d07404fedbdb72ecb2de8cd92db0c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-23T12:08:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF33IPCPC2GCA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"be75e928a251b548345726bf47d71c5742485b92a0a17756b679bea42f51089b","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2013-07-15T13:37:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"cc19d823fb6ee1fcb8c8940948ea446ad74d264dc1f08e17c41d2fef77e384e5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1307.3934","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1307.3934","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1307.3934v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1307.3934","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XVQDJ2XN7RC2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XVQDJ2XN7RC2WTF3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XVQDJ2XN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0af704594739be3ac49f42d9fa228353856d07404fedbdb72ecb2de8cd92db0c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we study the interaction between the supermassive binary black holes in elliptical orbit and their surrounding disk with a gap.\n  The gap in the disk is a low density region formed due to the tidal effects of the less massive black hole. The binary we have investigated has a sub-parsec separation and is coplanar with the disk. We find that the maximum variation of the surface density in the gap reaches 50% during an orbital period. However, in other regions of the disk, the density variation is much less than 1%. Furthermore, we calculate the corresponding variation of spectral ","authors_text":"Ning-Yu Tang, Ye-Fei Yuan","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2013-07-15T13:37:34Z","title":"Mass flow in the circumbinary disk with gap around supermassive binary black holes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1307.3934","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:633c852e1afa206d1b4e4d1b4432565a9559467321948ca72c6ea358be9a5364","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"be75e928a251b548345726bf47d71c5742485b92a0a17756b679bea42f51089b","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2013-07-15T13:37:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"cc19d823fb6ee1fcb8c8940948ea446ad74d264dc1f08e17c41d2fef77e384e5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1307.3934","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bd6034eaedfc45ab4cbbda1e278b46101bf2325601f25721a2c6ffaeefa7260c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bd6034eaedfc45ab4cbbda1e278b46101bf2325601f25721a2c6ffaeefa7260c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.209526Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.209526Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5+BjKFHBxElX32ziqhp28BKWqR1o8vzK7hZUnPiswp3O3DRHdt2B1NzQs172lMvmNTnrCUD68fo8D+bWrLdBBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:50.210140Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1307.3934","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:633c852e1afa206d1b4e4d1b4432565a9559467321948ca72c6ea358be9a5364","sha256:0af704594739be3ac49f42d9fa228353856d07404fedbdb72ecb2de8cd92db0c"],"state_sha256":"362e92802b744b5d103c77c015a559c134db459fdd667af8f1fd0dbf16b7479c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iBdaSTm5Vg+tLf6QQiMgMmesA/AbCswyel4wkPqRgXFntGHcQa/NAo6UYVeO/N5iYtIwq4zzd46fTuvHm8ncBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-23T12:08:34.559996Z","bundle_sha256":"26583fc98af580b2a28cb58750c1aa587179d0ce01793881622aea61d9a42017"}}