{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R","short_pith_number":"pith:XWWPQ5C6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.10857","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-16T19:12:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"70280412e952b49a714cd6c1a5bb7eb23ae0f43a562c91c26ccf4a9a737d7e3c","abstract_canon_sha256":"308e047f4ced02930c2580e9aae675eac4769818db91d40e8e497c0a07319b61"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bdacf8745e0fa1e62c0bcbdb568ef0f46aa2937f932da5a6949eb422fe558508","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2404.10857","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.10857","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.10857v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.10857","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XWWPQ5C6B6Q6","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLAL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XWWPQ5C6","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.10857","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-16T19:12:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"70280412e952b49a714cd6c1a5bb7eb23ae0f43a562c91c26ccf4a9a737d7e3c","abstract_canon_sha256":"308e047f4ced02930c2580e9aae675eac4769818db91d40e8e497c0a07319b61"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bdacf8745e0fa1e62c0bcbdb568ef0f46aa2937f932da5a6949eb422fe558508","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59.996071Z","signature_b64":"mmktMJEPc7K4mEpB6BxmWxDLEMAbM+iBCB5Li/ewnCovFzvHfnGQLadQSFQggzDsulYJ6nFNbRVlwZzSACeeBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bdacf8745e0fa1e62c0bcbdb568ef0f46aa2937f932da5a6949eb422fe558508","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59.995580Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59.995580Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2404.10857","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zyT2m0TwgztsbxLs19kwIluamI0ejN/OPU2UbkaqJ3GrvDSmoICvzeGZySqeSttUzC+eBlGujGSEzI0Bwb+6AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T23:44:10.482608Z"},"content_sha256":"6e897f1fa058e5f1d9752ed4aa41e82b43f61d9f6ce53bd90681ded48379b5a1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6e897f1fa058e5f1d9752ed4aa41e82b43f61d9f6ce53bd90681ded48379b5a1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"D3CODE: Disentangling Disagreements in Data across Cultures on Offensiveness Detection and Evaluation","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Aida Mostafazadeh Davani, Dylan Baker, Mark D\\'iaz, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran","submitted_at":"2024-04-16T19:12:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"While human annotations play a crucial role in language technologies, annotator subjectivity has long been overlooked in data collection. Recent studies that have critically examined this issue are often situated in the Western context, and solely document differences across age, gender, or racial groups. As a result, NLP research on subjectivity have overlooked the fact that individuals within demographic groups may hold diverse values, which can influence their perceptions beyond their group norms. To effectively incorporate these considerations into NLP pipelines, we need datasets with exte"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.10857","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2404.10857/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uOokR1szcIQefP4xqbYDbfl5rKX8+CmIki4aZNQmFlgqiyoM+MBFY6M5UXyUUNscN71CvOzIdSGA0NjbPikkAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T23:44:10.483263Z"},"content_sha256":"8d547f9d7edae0b898d8f2de94c87e548c8bdb1db3640c9cb057b7150698bbcc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8d547f9d7edae0b898d8f2de94c87e548c8bdb1db3640c9cb057b7150698bbcc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-13T23:44:10Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLALZPNVNDXQ6R","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"308e047f4ced02930c2580e9aae675eac4769818db91d40e8e497c0a07319b61","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-16T19:12:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"70280412e952b49a714cd6c1a5bb7eb23ae0f43a562c91c26ccf4a9a737d7e3c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.10857","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.10857","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.10857v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.10857","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XWWPQ5C6B6Q6","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XWWPQ5C6B6Q6MLAL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XWWPQ5C6","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8d547f9d7edae0b898d8f2de94c87e548c8bdb1db3640c9cb057b7150698bbcc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2404.10857/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"While human annotations play a crucial role in language technologies, annotator subjectivity has long been overlooked in data collection. Recent studies that have critically examined this issue are often situated in the Western context, and solely document differences across age, gender, or racial groups. As a result, NLP research on subjectivity have overlooked the fact that individuals within demographic groups may hold diverse values, which can influence their perceptions beyond their group norms. To effectively incorporate these considerations into NLP pipelines, we need datasets with exte","authors_text":"Aida Mostafazadeh Davani, Dylan Baker, Mark D\\'iaz, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-16T19:12:03Z","title":"D3CODE: Disentangling Disagreements in Data across Cultures on Offensiveness Detection and Evaluation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.10857","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6e897f1fa058e5f1d9752ed4aa41e82b43f61d9f6ce53bd90681ded48379b5a1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"308e047f4ced02930c2580e9aae675eac4769818db91d40e8e497c0a07319b61","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-04-16T19:12:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"70280412e952b49a714cd6c1a5bb7eb23ae0f43a562c91c26ccf4a9a737d7e3c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.10857","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bdacf8745e0fa1e62c0bcbdb568ef0f46aa2937f932da5a6949eb422fe558508","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bdacf8745e0fa1e62c0bcbdb568ef0f46aa2937f932da5a6949eb422fe558508","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59.995580Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59.995580Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"mmktMJEPc7K4mEpB6BxmWxDLEMAbM+iBCB5Li/ewnCovFzvHfnGQLadQSFQggzDsulYJ6nFNbRVlwZzSACeeBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:59.996071Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2404.10857","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6e897f1fa058e5f1d9752ed4aa41e82b43f61d9f6ce53bd90681ded48379b5a1","sha256:8d547f9d7edae0b898d8f2de94c87e548c8bdb1db3640c9cb057b7150698bbcc"],"state_sha256":"fdaa3667c856f13652f0bfb5bef5fa056e40262b0293d6ccd7a56fc559ece9ab"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PQfZnaxMB5AVtzSmVrT4LXZ14XAyZqAQg57t4dbSyl+yaBmHQdHsd5TQU0G4ZTYU9DgExMNqda9GM60yDU0CBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-13T23:44:10.517331Z","bundle_sha256":"bebaab13d93fe2f40bb74da543dfd75d5af99b078413be3d0dd1d0ff0d0ee073"}}