{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH","short_pith_number":"pith:XXUSMDYO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1410.4983","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-10-18T18:02:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"title_canon_sha256":"9cd460ce235721755d75cdf68eb179b73e44630372b0f65eaaa565473cbcc870","abstract_canon_sha256":"6ffb3382e1c27b6da3ab4671c4cb42a4344458baeb93623230ac872610246fad"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bde9260f0e8997411e2bdce9fe62ed89fca00067be157b14df011f02bc00d67c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1410.4983","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1410.4983","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1410.4983v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1410.4983","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XXUSMDYORGLU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XXUSMDYO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1410.4983","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-10-18T18:02:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"title_canon_sha256":"9cd460ce235721755d75cdf68eb179b73e44630372b0f65eaaa565473cbcc870","abstract_canon_sha256":"6ffb3382e1c27b6da3ab4671c4cb42a4344458baeb93623230ac872610246fad"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bde9260f0e8997411e2bdce9fe62ed89fca00067be157b14df011f02bc00d67c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47.293000Z","signature_b64":"yaCGxtPSOA3KVLicKnV31prkxnQBhwqY4OqdcAzey3zm0kL1qGyZM5ynwnMxeW55UybsUOeqPH8kcdGx6rLzAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bde9260f0e8997411e2bdce9fe62ed89fca00067be157b14df011f02bc00d67c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47.292552Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47.292552Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1410.4983","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JOSpgSQUl4VkOk39+MC6wSJHiZxeQGl9BvuukT3QyB0AErIHqjv3d5jUBkCx6YpKFaBUiMDZyjyROg1i+c+LBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T05:42:02.807478Z"},"content_sha256":"157583093660d5ccb16f9e8908247edc95d2d43de91b82be8cb4f8be5002e6eb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:157583093660d5ccb16f9e8908247edc95d2d43de91b82be8cb4f8be5002e6eb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Breaking time reversal symmetry in topological insulators","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Cui-Zu Chang, Jagadeesh. S. Moodera, Peng Wei","submitted_at":"2014-10-18T18:02:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"A wide class of materials that were discovered to carry a topologically protected phase order has led to a highly active area of research called topological insulators. This phenomenon has radically changed our thinking because of their robust quantum coherent behavior showing two-dimensional Dirac-type metallic surface states and simultaneously insulating bulk states. The Dirac SSs are induced by the strong spin-orbit coupling as well as protected by the time reversal symmetry. Breaking TRS in a TI with ferromagnetic perturbation can lead to many exotic quantum phenomena, such as the quantum "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1410.4983","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zYiSc2YtZ7q1woy+ueoz7LdOLuaNnMGup/9wAlNPgpTXAbep0JJrvL71d1zB6VvGgs9cX4w/Jf04Ez7Qq6FODg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T05:42:02.807834Z"},"content_sha256":"44b52887d76ccb3e841db4d59804e9e2de0beb285e0488857d6008dfa1db3879","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:44b52887d76ccb3e841db4d59804e9e2de0beb285e0488857d6008dfa1db3879"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T05:42:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL3TU74YXNRH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6ffb3382e1c27b6da3ab4671c4cb42a4344458baeb93623230ac872610246fad","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-10-18T18:02:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"9cd460ce235721755d75cdf68eb179b73e44630372b0f65eaaa565473cbcc870"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1410.4983","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1410.4983","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1410.4983v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1410.4983","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XXUSMDYORGLU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XXUSMDYORGLUCHRL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XXUSMDYO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:44b52887d76ccb3e841db4d59804e9e2de0beb285e0488857d6008dfa1db3879","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A wide class of materials that were discovered to carry a topologically protected phase order has led to a highly active area of research called topological insulators. This phenomenon has radically changed our thinking because of their robust quantum coherent behavior showing two-dimensional Dirac-type metallic surface states and simultaneously insulating bulk states. The Dirac SSs are induced by the strong spin-orbit coupling as well as protected by the time reversal symmetry. Breaking TRS in a TI with ferromagnetic perturbation can lead to many exotic quantum phenomena, such as the quantum ","authors_text":"Cui-Zu Chang, Jagadeesh. S. Moodera, Peng Wei","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-10-18T18:02:10Z","title":"Breaking time reversal symmetry in topological insulators"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1410.4983","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:157583093660d5ccb16f9e8908247edc95d2d43de91b82be8cb4f8be5002e6eb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6ffb3382e1c27b6da3ab4671c4cb42a4344458baeb93623230ac872610246fad","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-10-18T18:02:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"9cd460ce235721755d75cdf68eb179b73e44630372b0f65eaaa565473cbcc870"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1410.4983","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bde9260f0e8997411e2bdce9fe62ed89fca00067be157b14df011f02bc00d67c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bde9260f0e8997411e2bdce9fe62ed89fca00067be157b14df011f02bc00d67c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47.292552Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47.292552Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yaCGxtPSOA3KVLicKnV31prkxnQBhwqY4OqdcAzey3zm0kL1qGyZM5ynwnMxeW55UybsUOeqPH8kcdGx6rLzAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:47.293000Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1410.4983","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:157583093660d5ccb16f9e8908247edc95d2d43de91b82be8cb4f8be5002e6eb","sha256:44b52887d76ccb3e841db4d59804e9e2de0beb285e0488857d6008dfa1db3879"],"state_sha256":"1619d78aeb0e97acd83e5660c265ff588542bad8f04e3352865b062431b41dc7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yiIK1wyBRtH3uklHV8xx7fVvDNlzJfOH0hmsgLUMkrVlLdhoWiePiL2aS+yxJEwycU9S+e4YFSYrrSejrwmzAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T05:42:02.809836Z","bundle_sha256":"0c669efa70cab8a96ca761a851c87af724881df981ebd666de897f260a760fd4"}}