{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU","short_pith_number":"pith:XYII3M6A","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.00182","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2016-01-02T15:21:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3d1b60591d293295e70f9a549799dd139ac0263724f06753f23b5769ddbc5d99","abstract_canon_sha256":"b09090a88e69c91fe2e3d94ee3d99eef794262064871b15b00ef58db0da77d12"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"be108db3c018fb52eb3e5be401e549b539d09043625875b4e07817994e328521","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1601.00182","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.00182","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.00182v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.00182","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XYII3M6ADD5V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XYII3M6A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.00182","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2016-01-02T15:21:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3d1b60591d293295e70f9a549799dd139ac0263724f06753f23b5769ddbc5d99","abstract_canon_sha256":"b09090a88e69c91fe2e3d94ee3d99eef794262064871b15b00ef58db0da77d12"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"be108db3c018fb52eb3e5be401e549b539d09043625875b4e07817994e328521","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38.382590Z","signature_b64":"WxQVte+8hCCcZ4r0YxdRHP7x4t+JbcF755m7S6JGC31eZ0jnPiimbhXqgUU7/SGJpr3LPSxQQTyOnXcIkhgGCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"be108db3c018fb52eb3e5be401e549b539d09043625875b4e07817994e328521","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38.381910Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38.381910Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1601.00182","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"i+yXpnjKIKo+1i7EZR9hIlh8XtEpmV/Wd1IglmPAaac4YNaSxS7q36cXEQO7C4+ImQ+Iww1e/AUgEg1iF7PmAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:50:30.880145Z"},"content_sha256":"8396eb8b669ec2af3b5ba0bf5718453966082f66135e4f0fb0151c0f33162429","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8396eb8b669ec2af3b5ba0bf5718453966082f66135e4f0fb0151c0f33162429"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Cohort Query Processing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.DB","authors_text":"Anthony K. H. Tung, Beng Chin Ooi, Dawei Jiang, Gang Chen, H. V. Jagadish, Kian-Lee Tan, Qingchao Cai","submitted_at":"2016-01-02T15:21:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"Modern Internet applications often produce a large volume of user activity records. Data analysts are interested in cohort analysis, or finding unusual user behavioral trends, in these large tables of activity records. In a traditional database system, cohort analysis queries are both painful to specify and expensive to evaluate. We propose to extend database systems to support cohort analysis. We do so by extending SQL with three new operators. We devise three different evaluation schemes for cohort query processing. Two of them adopt a non-intrusive approach. The third approach employs a col"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.00182","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DB7DjMvTrADTsu86TepAb+Q1dyvugKp8osWFgLrpFKI9q9WpQVY+LiXPu1qny+n6hJfwgt7QQhHbwen6xthkCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:50:30.880547Z"},"content_sha256":"38f6fea3af5a95ad2d3b4471ee4acb78fd58367fb966f53e64833d3ac51ab6f8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:38f6fea3af5a95ad2d3b4471ee4acb78fd58367fb966f53e64833d3ac51ab6f8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T15:50:30Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6LPSADZKJWU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b09090a88e69c91fe2e3d94ee3d99eef794262064871b15b00ef58db0da77d12","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2016-01-02T15:21:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"3d1b60591d293295e70f9a549799dd139ac0263724f06753f23b5769ddbc5d99"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.00182","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.00182","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.00182v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.00182","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XYII3M6ADD5V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XYII3M6ADD5VF2Z6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XYII3M6A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:38f6fea3af5a95ad2d3b4471ee4acb78fd58367fb966f53e64833d3ac51ab6f8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Modern Internet applications often produce a large volume of user activity records. Data analysts are interested in cohort analysis, or finding unusual user behavioral trends, in these large tables of activity records. In a traditional database system, cohort analysis queries are both painful to specify and expensive to evaluate. We propose to extend database systems to support cohort analysis. We do so by extending SQL with three new operators. We devise three different evaluation schemes for cohort query processing. Two of them adopt a non-intrusive approach. The third approach employs a col","authors_text":"Anthony K. H. Tung, Beng Chin Ooi, Dawei Jiang, Gang Chen, H. V. Jagadish, Kian-Lee Tan, Qingchao Cai","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2016-01-02T15:21:19Z","title":"Cohort Query Processing"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.00182","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8396eb8b669ec2af3b5ba0bf5718453966082f66135e4f0fb0151c0f33162429","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b09090a88e69c91fe2e3d94ee3d99eef794262064871b15b00ef58db0da77d12","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DB","submitted_at":"2016-01-02T15:21:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"3d1b60591d293295e70f9a549799dd139ac0263724f06753f23b5769ddbc5d99"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.00182","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"be108db3c018fb52eb3e5be401e549b539d09043625875b4e07817994e328521","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"be108db3c018fb52eb3e5be401e549b539d09043625875b4e07817994e328521","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38.381910Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38.381910Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WxQVte+8hCCcZ4r0YxdRHP7x4t+JbcF755m7S6JGC31eZ0jnPiimbhXqgUU7/SGJpr3LPSxQQTyOnXcIkhgGCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:38.382590Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1601.00182","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8396eb8b669ec2af3b5ba0bf5718453966082f66135e4f0fb0151c0f33162429","sha256:38f6fea3af5a95ad2d3b4471ee4acb78fd58367fb966f53e64833d3ac51ab6f8"],"state_sha256":"b817f2a2bdee29360e9e7c4bf9e7000ef7e09f8fa44530106e94e4e53d1467f0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"py7hDIpEp4gBf2axxOWE1CXx5IF+WRhTp/2gsJx+7jyqrv1nW/67BraE43LhI5dG+5bMSSwfF3iAal41Ps6ZBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:50:30.883753Z","bundle_sha256":"6cfaf8ed13720d77c0e00d1c430eef70e0c616213e2fb006e08a2b22494b0b09"}}