{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI","short_pith_number":"pith:Y2EAA3HB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2110.06674","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-13T12:18:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"70865c49239f96b2ad9106fe1628268403547f099d31ca1db1c69392f6ef330e","abstract_canon_sha256":"981fc83201e6bce962d1c1177238171fc368cebb4dacc6a867057298346dede8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c688006ce1cee5db0a1c5969055c74722d441e017cb12018649ba5c185f050c7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2110.06674","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2110.06674","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2110.06674v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2110.06674","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Y2EAA3HBZ3S5","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Y2EAA3HB","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2110.06674","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-13T12:18:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"70865c49239f96b2ad9106fe1628268403547f099d31ca1db1c69392f6ef330e","abstract_canon_sha256":"981fc83201e6bce962d1c1177238171fc368cebb4dacc6a867057298346dede8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c688006ce1cee5db0a1c5969055c74722d441e017cb12018649ba5c185f050c7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28.478954Z","signature_b64":"T3LEaqc7AkWLsrktDSJCuSJxaVWYwD+2LgJx8k9wCzzhi7d9C1Y4ieb5IGTMAtDZQmGp8yhdrjD/N0fupuXOCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c688006ce1cee5db0a1c5969055c74722d441e017cb12018649ba5c185f050c7","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28.478435Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28.478435Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2110.06674","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7JH+sz8fby4QIx4ZdlFC3VXGTQcMMJy56+/2c8xLas+ItPN6bHr2ry/4Wj5tg4jHqmMa+iZAVwlEVIHqTLoOBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T23:15:00.348381Z"},"content_sha256":"6f58d99331fa6a8d69e9ea64e5076b8ef2805bcb45c7b0ec6531cf84712069d8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6f58d99331fa6a8d69e9ea64e5076b8ef2805bcb45c7b0ec6531cf84712069d8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Truthful AI: Developing and governing AI that does not lie","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.CY","authors_text":"Adam Bales, Avital Balwit, Luca Righetti, Lukas Finnveden, Owain Evans, Owen Cotton-Barratt, Peter Wills, William Saunders","submitted_at":"2021-10-13T12:18:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"In many contexts, lying -- the use of verbal falsehoods to deceive -- is harmful. While lying has traditionally been a human affair, AI systems that make sophisticated verbal statements are becoming increasingly prevalent. This raises the question of how we should limit the harm caused by AI \"lies\" (i.e. falsehoods that are actively selected for). Human truthfulness is governed by social norms and by laws (against defamation, perjury, and fraud). Differences between AI and humans present an opportunity to have more precise standards of truthfulness for AI, and to have these standards rise over"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2110.06674","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2110.06674/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qdLQ+h8Ay3EzrL2X1UviEz0Adlq+DrBoWkv4sHXDom67kgIJnufLWWDNGaPfvMPZROZNfhp7faEBi84Ria1mDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T23:15:00.348911Z"},"content_sha256":"66883c9a7bbd26e9fce6e2650f4453ee69a4dc290cabca58a8e2a3d9d77743ec","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:66883c9a7bbd26e9fce6e2650f4453ee69a4dc290cabca58a8e2a3d9d77743ec"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T23:15:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4LFUQKXDUOI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"981fc83201e6bce962d1c1177238171fc368cebb4dacc6a867057298346dede8","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-13T12:18:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"70865c49239f96b2ad9106fe1628268403547f099d31ca1db1c69392f6ef330e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2110.06674","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2110.06674","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2110.06674v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2110.06674","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Y2EAA3HBZ3S5","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Y2EAA3HBZ3S5WCQ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Y2EAA3HB","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:66883c9a7bbd26e9fce6e2650f4453ee69a4dc290cabca58a8e2a3d9d77743ec","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2110.06674/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In many contexts, lying -- the use of verbal falsehoods to deceive -- is harmful. While lying has traditionally been a human affair, AI systems that make sophisticated verbal statements are becoming increasingly prevalent. This raises the question of how we should limit the harm caused by AI \"lies\" (i.e. falsehoods that are actively selected for). Human truthfulness is governed by social norms and by laws (against defamation, perjury, and fraud). Differences between AI and humans present an opportunity to have more precise standards of truthfulness for AI, and to have these standards rise over","authors_text":"Adam Bales, Avital Balwit, Luca Righetti, Lukas Finnveden, Owain Evans, Owen Cotton-Barratt, Peter Wills, William Saunders","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-13T12:18:09Z","title":"Truthful AI: Developing and governing AI that does not lie"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2110.06674","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6f58d99331fa6a8d69e9ea64e5076b8ef2805bcb45c7b0ec6531cf84712069d8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"981fc83201e6bce962d1c1177238171fc368cebb4dacc6a867057298346dede8","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2021-10-13T12:18:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"70865c49239f96b2ad9106fe1628268403547f099d31ca1db1c69392f6ef330e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2110.06674","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c688006ce1cee5db0a1c5969055c74722d441e017cb12018649ba5c185f050c7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c688006ce1cee5db0a1c5969055c74722d441e017cb12018649ba5c185f050c7","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28.478435Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28.478435Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"T3LEaqc7AkWLsrktDSJCuSJxaVWYwD+2LgJx8k9wCzzhi7d9C1Y4ieb5IGTMAtDZQmGp8yhdrjD/N0fupuXOCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:22:28.478954Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2110.06674","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6f58d99331fa6a8d69e9ea64e5076b8ef2805bcb45c7b0ec6531cf84712069d8","sha256:66883c9a7bbd26e9fce6e2650f4453ee69a4dc290cabca58a8e2a3d9d77743ec"],"state_sha256":"67bc05913a355e7f0704347b44ed133cd3a9fdcbfd059a08c735e1b5634f7fbd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"N93qoVlXJyYVOs8USV5j6syynEbQFI9ic4TfU0ho5af6cPeXCadeVWF5e6w879V2zNQVtBzoZlnmkN/E1R/FAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T23:15:00.354328Z","bundle_sha256":"911d3f6a6d2a62c7c2922b0d8e84ba1788c5998b68a1a875b4329d3c2c617575"}}