{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4","short_pith_number":"pith:Y4ZQRPNW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.07909","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-02-27T01:22:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"2793fba2caa74b12eeb14b69d847dd668db3fd013d9212601472e3f205a27f6b","abstract_canon_sha256":"0da53e436e82bdd76e68a415ba15dc721a4e464182b3ab7a0c2ef3b58375e2e3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c73308bdb621420df4641c3a1b7e94373c81899467991ff0f859878d8d0ac5ac","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.07909","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.07909","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.07909v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.07909","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Y4ZQRPNWEFBA","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DE","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Y4ZQRPNW","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.07909","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-02-27T01:22:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"2793fba2caa74b12eeb14b69d847dd668db3fd013d9212601472e3f205a27f6b","abstract_canon_sha256":"0da53e436e82bdd76e68a415ba15dc721a4e464182b3ab7a0c2ef3b58375e2e3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c73308bdb621420df4641c3a1b7e94373c81899467991ff0f859878d8d0ac5ac","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31.402873Z","signature_b64":"eCqwbj4OhrTsiApzfIoI+yV/GzufJ7VwPi8jXoU5oC4fVJHf6MdjfRPY55bPRQdWudPE3Bq975kkUMBMaWyrAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c73308bdb621420df4641c3a1b7e94373c81899467991ff0f859878d8d0ac5ac","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31.402299Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31.402299Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.07909","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"r4fzplEtr91HdTgdnV4dbpOCM5Pe/4Mns89LUhhhQt/xklaFNBYU4oaG1GC8LUpGPZcfZ+GHxbDeAlN/DN0IBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T06:54:31.117540Z"},"content_sha256":"bcbd02140a5de20108cc37072e7dc32d3ee91e166115f2424d553b7569ffba84","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bcbd02140a5de20108cc37072e7dc32d3ee91e166115f2424d553b7569ffba84"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Smart HPA: A Resource-Efficient Horizontal Pod Auto-scaler for Microservice Architectures","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"primary_cat":"cs.DC","authors_text":"Christoph Treude, Claudia Szabo, Hussain Ahmad, Markus Wagner","submitted_at":"2024-02-27T01:22:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"Microservice architectures have gained prominence in both academia and industry, offering enhanced agility, reusability, and scalability. To simplify scaling operations in microservice architectures, container orchestration platforms such as Kubernetes feature Horizontal Pod Auto-scalers (HPAs) designed to adjust the resources of microservices to accommodate fluctuating workloads. However, existing HPAs are not suitable for resource-constrained environments, as they make scaling decisions based on the individual resource capacities of microservices, leading to service unavailability and perfor"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.07909","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.07909/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nx9hsAZfPe6SCP/Ta40gm43WnBQU1Isfn9y2Wai4lxR+qbFMnZmKSRHp1y+OwxauBpICtmo7qaaqEDmvRZBXAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T06:54:31.118029Z"},"content_sha256":"11d902af7f2737b801ff755d63579b386786cee74547e582acaba65089561df4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:11d902af7f2737b801ff755d63579b386786cee74547e582acaba65089561df4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T06:54:31Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DEDQ5BW7UUG4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0da53e436e82bdd76e68a415ba15dc721a4e464182b3ab7a0c2ef3b58375e2e3","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-02-27T01:22:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"2793fba2caa74b12eeb14b69d847dd668db3fd013d9212601472e3f205a27f6b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.07909","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.07909","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.07909v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.07909","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Y4ZQRPNWEFBA","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Y4ZQRPNWEFBA35DE","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Y4ZQRPNW","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:11d902af7f2737b801ff755d63579b386786cee74547e582acaba65089561df4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.07909/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Microservice architectures have gained prominence in both academia and industry, offering enhanced agility, reusability, and scalability. To simplify scaling operations in microservice architectures, container orchestration platforms such as Kubernetes feature Horizontal Pod Auto-scalers (HPAs) designed to adjust the resources of microservices to accommodate fluctuating workloads. However, existing HPAs are not suitable for resource-constrained environments, as they make scaling decisions based on the individual resource capacities of microservices, leading to service unavailability and perfor","authors_text":"Christoph Treude, Claudia Szabo, Hussain Ahmad, Markus Wagner","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-02-27T01:22:46Z","title":"Smart HPA: A Resource-Efficient Horizontal Pod Auto-scaler for Microservice Architectures"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.07909","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bcbd02140a5de20108cc37072e7dc32d3ee91e166115f2424d553b7569ffba84","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0da53e436e82bdd76e68a415ba15dc721a4e464182b3ab7a0c2ef3b58375e2e3","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-02-27T01:22:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"2793fba2caa74b12eeb14b69d847dd668db3fd013d9212601472e3f205a27f6b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.07909","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c73308bdb621420df4641c3a1b7e94373c81899467991ff0f859878d8d0ac5ac","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c73308bdb621420df4641c3a1b7e94373c81899467991ff0f859878d8d0ac5ac","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31.402299Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31.402299Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"eCqwbj4OhrTsiApzfIoI+yV/GzufJ7VwPi8jXoU5oC4fVJHf6MdjfRPY55bPRQdWudPE3Bq975kkUMBMaWyrAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:49:31.402873Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.07909","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bcbd02140a5de20108cc37072e7dc32d3ee91e166115f2424d553b7569ffba84","sha256:11d902af7f2737b801ff755d63579b386786cee74547e582acaba65089561df4"],"state_sha256":"fafa126856e68e39aa08255b6058974eda6ff7a943c4fa64f7bf056aae8024b1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FI0IyRoSpSAFJFAp/casUS6bt3XWNp5YfCcyhNcGPq+ACoxKj6VIT+rdDP9N+ZqecxL2B5MkDles5jt1z4wADg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T06:54:31.121606Z","bundle_sha256":"75054b6d7c7aa96e4507b837020b0153624fef886f3d7cf0a55e97ebcf8de71c"}}