{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS","short_pith_number":"pith:Y7LPFOAH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1910.13724","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2019-10-30T09:00:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.SD"],"title_canon_sha256":"71f543cd106f05ebe8262c66b3dcf15c1f41356f8fd17aa26eb8e092b8eb80cb","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a5e5b0e5090437290faac18f3aa53a28ecd5e983022427a6e1bba46aa137d39"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c7d6f2b8079016bd2227774f8a0b9ab4af0ac5b08c9431d0b50a5856d234da68","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1910.13724","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1910.13724","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1910.13724v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1910.13724","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Y7LPFOAHSALL","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRH","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Y7LPFOAH","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1910.13724","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2019-10-30T09:00:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.SD"],"title_canon_sha256":"71f543cd106f05ebe8262c66b3dcf15c1f41356f8fd17aa26eb8e092b8eb80cb","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a5e5b0e5090437290faac18f3aa53a28ecd5e983022427a6e1bba46aa137d39"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c7d6f2b8079016bd2227774f8a0b9ab4af0ac5b08c9431d0b50a5856d234da68","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45.173392Z","signature_b64":"qaEYl1KTwXZv3sG0sfstyhu4jyEbQVNNx9F5z8XN1oirC3RNLfpADZz/AhOcPcw4rg7VUzNXwrjJVImCL/zQBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c7d6f2b8079016bd2227774f8a0b9ab4af0ac5b08c9431d0b50a5856d234da68","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45.172883Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45.172883Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1910.13724","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yVF2dNCRgq70AAvNs/xgBiciWnqdid6QOueTc97JEWOHCQikfzaOyIuQIkWvg2SK/NO1duSLWe+riDoNGnx4Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T14:07:46.363095Z"},"content_sha256":"668c5648aaa556b449e27b98b3783ce540170208c37c4cd7738d2530859ff942","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:668c5648aaa556b449e27b98b3783ce540170208c37c4cd7738d2530859ff942"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Metric Learning with Background Noise Class for Few-shot Detection of Rare Sound Events","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","cs.SD"],"primary_cat":"eess.AS","authors_text":"Akira Inoue, Kazuki Shimada, Yuichiro Koyama","submitted_at":"2019-10-30T09:00:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"Few-shot learning systems for sound event recognition have gained interests since they require only a few examples to adapt to new target classes without fine-tuning. However, such systems have only been applied to chunks of sounds for classification or verification. In this paper, we aim to achieve few-shot detection of rare sound events, from query sequence that contain not only the target events but also the other events and background noise. Therefore, it is required to prevent false positive reactions to both the other events and background noise. We propose metric learning with backgroun"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1910.13724","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1910.13724/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5hfgdt7qNP7XItieiknHaaEPnJxiQSkHsPJ7hDQQ/dvKeJFPxSOt90zkSMxdx7WbFV9UPHP9lEVF9Is/oXmLAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T14:07:46.363761Z"},"content_sha256":"7263753ba6c229366c5ab23faa74121947551f6135b4e0c717915147f597f02f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7263753ba6c229366c5ab23faa74121947551f6135b4e0c717915147f597f02f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-05T14:07:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRHO5HYUC42WS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a5e5b0e5090437290faac18f3aa53a28ecd5e983022427a6e1bba46aa137d39","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.SD"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2019-10-30T09:00:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"71f543cd106f05ebe8262c66b3dcf15c1f41356f8fd17aa26eb8e092b8eb80cb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1910.13724","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1910.13724","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1910.13724v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1910.13724","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Y7LPFOAHSALL","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Y7LPFOAHSALL2IRH","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Y7LPFOAH","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7263753ba6c229366c5ab23faa74121947551f6135b4e0c717915147f597f02f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1910.13724/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Few-shot learning systems for sound event recognition have gained interests since they require only a few examples to adapt to new target classes without fine-tuning. However, such systems have only been applied to chunks of sounds for classification or verification. In this paper, we aim to achieve few-shot detection of rare sound events, from query sequence that contain not only the target events but also the other events and background noise. Therefore, it is required to prevent false positive reactions to both the other events and background noise. We propose metric learning with backgroun","authors_text":"Akira Inoue, Kazuki Shimada, Yuichiro Koyama","cross_cats":["cs.LG","cs.SD"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2019-10-30T09:00:59Z","title":"Metric Learning with Background Noise Class for Few-shot Detection of Rare Sound Events"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1910.13724","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:668c5648aaa556b449e27b98b3783ce540170208c37c4cd7738d2530859ff942","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a5e5b0e5090437290faac18f3aa53a28ecd5e983022427a6e1bba46aa137d39","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.SD"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2019-10-30T09:00:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"71f543cd106f05ebe8262c66b3dcf15c1f41356f8fd17aa26eb8e092b8eb80cb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1910.13724","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c7d6f2b8079016bd2227774f8a0b9ab4af0ac5b08c9431d0b50a5856d234da68","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c7d6f2b8079016bd2227774f8a0b9ab4af0ac5b08c9431d0b50a5856d234da68","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45.172883Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45.172883Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qaEYl1KTwXZv3sG0sfstyhu4jyEbQVNNx9F5z8XN1oirC3RNLfpADZz/AhOcPcw4rg7VUzNXwrjJVImCL/zQBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:41:45.173392Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1910.13724","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:668c5648aaa556b449e27b98b3783ce540170208c37c4cd7738d2530859ff942","sha256:7263753ba6c229366c5ab23faa74121947551f6135b4e0c717915147f597f02f"],"state_sha256":"6be7bf2fc102eb6100c2de949359588a62f5fd168f33e61f40fe3813d52d967a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"59ONdKlfwDceY0drvNWOlLQWK0WG1odlUmnj9EKYInofRjZLnZBQ5F3q71cXF+iBS4w+BAAJE5UQVLO3SSuxDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T14:07:46.367231Z","bundle_sha256":"f8773f44ef12bf866c4f9de220291df27f323b7e287affbb75685b567d7e0026"}}