{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2015:YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC","short_pith_number":"pith:YB4HI4K5","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"c07874715dba03581e58116020b4e080859814813e5af9e4af8a5cac42c97c82","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1511.06693","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Sieving hydrogen isotopes through two dimensional crystals","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall","nucl-ex"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"A. K. Geim, A. Mishchenko, A. N. Grigorenko, B. Radha, I. V. Grigorieva, M. Lozada-Hidalgo, O. Marshall, R. A. W. Dryfe, S. Hu","submitted_at":"2015-11-20T17:08:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"One-atom-thick crystals are impermeable to atoms and molecules, but hydrogen ions (thermal protons) penetrate through them. We show that monolayers of graphene and boron nitride can be used to separate hydrogen ion isotopes. Employing electrical measurements and mass spectrometry, we find that deuterons permeate through these crystals much slower than protons, resulting in a separation factor of ~10 at room temperature. The isotope effect is attributed to a difference of about 60 meV between zero-point energies of incident protons and deuterons, which translates into the equivalent difference "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1511.06693","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2015-11-20T17:08:41Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall","nucl-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"69feeebfdc0810b81cf73cc2c08006f22ab3167aff07ada405854b356d567e02","abstract_canon_sha256":"521d034cccaba6408f8e22f8fa3efef84951468bb2a7998ed77fbe326020a434"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:28.672626Z","signature_b64":"va9lHCLYbHII2j+S1dkaY/mqDhqyhsrcwErxjIwn+PXjIDTywAwrO29uYL9iAE4qhgtq0AiVcCLeHs57jfHzDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c07874715dba03581e58116020b4e080859814813e5af9e4af8a5cac42c97c82","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:28.671911Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:28.671911Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Sieving hydrogen isotopes through two dimensional crystals","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall","nucl-ex"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"A. K. Geim, A. Mishchenko, A. N. Grigorenko, B. Radha, I. V. Grigorieva, M. Lozada-Hidalgo, O. Marshall, R. A. W. Dryfe, S. Hu","submitted_at":"2015-11-20T17:08:41Z","abstract_excerpt":"One-atom-thick crystals are impermeable to atoms and molecules, but hydrogen ions (thermal protons) penetrate through them. We show that monolayers of graphene and boron nitride can be used to separate hydrogen ion isotopes. Employing electrical measurements and mass spectrometry, we find that deuterons permeate through these crystals much slower than protons, resulting in a separation factor of ~10 at room temperature. The isotope effect is attributed to a difference of about 60 meV between zero-point energies of incident protons and deuterons, which translates into the equivalent difference "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1511.06693","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1511.06693","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:28.672018+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1511.06693v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:28.672018+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1511.06693","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:28.672018+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YB4HI4K5XIBV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50.041715+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50.041715+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YB4HI4K5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50.041715+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC","json":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/YB4HI4K5"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/YB4HI4K5","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1511.06693&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/YB4HI4K5XIBVQHSYCFQCBNHAQC/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:28.672018+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:23:28.672018+00:00"}