{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L","short_pith_number":"pith:YC5DNT4O","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2408.06211","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-08-12T15:01:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1fdf8801514d1708c38ea82bc529bae211711759bc0a205ac995edb8123b4f95","abstract_canon_sha256":"77f9f1f43f512328c4840798da776c7ad5fca14f48132db8ecc27859ba7033ba"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c0ba36cf8e76b14b9681a566e3c8f1eadf1c8703f97b6cb37ab0ae8f1cc611b2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2408.06211","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2408.06211","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2408.06211v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.06211","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YC5DNT4OO2YU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUB","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YC5DNT4O","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2408.06211","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-08-12T15:01:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1fdf8801514d1708c38ea82bc529bae211711759bc0a205ac995edb8123b4f95","abstract_canon_sha256":"77f9f1f43f512328c4840798da776c7ad5fca14f48132db8ecc27859ba7033ba"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c0ba36cf8e76b14b9681a566e3c8f1eadf1c8703f97b6cb37ab0ae8f1cc611b2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20.022656Z","signature_b64":"kmhRqD1z/nbtxvSOkR8UyHG5b6HwCROXAJZX73BTsIV7iIwPOYD5HuvAIo76Vn2Ppw+PBijyP3ETFSrQn6+ZCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c0ba36cf8e76b14b9681a566e3c8f1eadf1c8703f97b6cb37ab0ae8f1cc611b2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20.022262Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20.022262Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2408.06211","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZOabBf9wTFm7eCFJz46jm3qg2DPWXRjn105vMk8SmE99AyBmb5w5wcH0j3p/4sETLj8GCbSs1o7sPT2caADCDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T13:31:08.202233Z"},"content_sha256":"77431478fde2e5d55a373166cbd64c6426f3fbac19b5afc891bcb8e0d4efb3e9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:77431478fde2e5d55a373166cbd64c6426f3fbac19b5afc891bcb8e0d4efb3e9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Causal Effect Identification and Inference with Endogenous Exposures and a Light-tailed Error","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Ruoyu Wang, Wang Miao","submitted_at":"2024-08-12T15:01:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"Endogeneity poses significant challenges in causal inference across various research domains. This paper proposes a novel approach to identify and estimate causal effects in the presence of endogeneity. We consider a structural equation with endogenous exposures and an additive error term. Assuming the light-tailedness of the error term, we show that the causal effect can be identified by contrasting extreme conditional quantiles of the outcome given the exposures. Unlike many existing results, our identification approach does not rely on additional parametric assumptions or auxiliary variable"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2408.06211","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2408.06211/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PqK9y6n9dNpIXOLtbD7KvN9uYuM0c/0uZXwQ28HvtlksC8JYC5NLcCD3+sesHiRWBmLEBzgw9TIeYkr24mq/Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T13:31:08.202614Z"},"content_sha256":"9a4e3ba4d1b614652a0521b745ea3d9fbdf0f65d6e447f820e72737fc06b4a68","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9a4e3ba4d1b614652a0521b745ea3d9fbdf0f65d6e447f820e72737fc06b4a68"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-06T13:31:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUBUVTOHSHR5L","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"77f9f1f43f512328c4840798da776c7ad5fca14f48132db8ecc27859ba7033ba","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-08-12T15:01:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"1fdf8801514d1708c38ea82bc529bae211711759bc0a205ac995edb8123b4f95"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2408.06211","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2408.06211","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2408.06211v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.06211","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YC5DNT4OO2YU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YC5DNT4OO2YUXFUB","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YC5DNT4O","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9a4e3ba4d1b614652a0521b745ea3d9fbdf0f65d6e447f820e72737fc06b4a68","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2408.06211/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Endogeneity poses significant challenges in causal inference across various research domains. This paper proposes a novel approach to identify and estimate causal effects in the presence of endogeneity. We consider a structural equation with endogenous exposures and an additive error term. Assuming the light-tailedness of the error term, we show that the causal effect can be identified by contrasting extreme conditional quantiles of the outcome given the exposures. Unlike many existing results, our identification approach does not rely on additional parametric assumptions or auxiliary variable","authors_text":"Ruoyu Wang, Wang Miao","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-08-12T15:01:33Z","title":"Causal Effect Identification and Inference with Endogenous Exposures and a Light-tailed Error"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2408.06211","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:77431478fde2e5d55a373166cbd64c6426f3fbac19b5afc891bcb8e0d4efb3e9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"77f9f1f43f512328c4840798da776c7ad5fca14f48132db8ecc27859ba7033ba","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2024-08-12T15:01:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"1fdf8801514d1708c38ea82bc529bae211711759bc0a205ac995edb8123b4f95"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2408.06211","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"c0ba36cf8e76b14b9681a566e3c8f1eadf1c8703f97b6cb37ab0ae8f1cc611b2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c0ba36cf8e76b14b9681a566e3c8f1eadf1c8703f97b6cb37ab0ae8f1cc611b2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20.022262Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20.022262Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"kmhRqD1z/nbtxvSOkR8UyHG5b6HwCROXAJZX73BTsIV7iIwPOYD5HuvAIo76Vn2Ppw+PBijyP3ETFSrQn6+ZCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:58:20.022656Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2408.06211","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:77431478fde2e5d55a373166cbd64c6426f3fbac19b5afc891bcb8e0d4efb3e9","sha256:9a4e3ba4d1b614652a0521b745ea3d9fbdf0f65d6e447f820e72737fc06b4a68"],"state_sha256":"b6a501baf1a6e5ad74cf247169b08a3e6eafc0f908a8d99fbf137ec253c4a6df"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"klTbjATK4wzCTlf+7PXiKC1iVDtiJr6e23ZeC/ws7IPqLxo0NgHIujaaoafIJFPc2pm96oHua11jGo4BtnKGDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-06T13:31:08.204496Z","bundle_sha256":"1c34bc8c14bff8aa4419fe639458b98e74f7780d0c08f82dc087fe13c19542ce"}}