{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7","short_pith_number":"pith:YDSVKWON","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.17358","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-01-29T00:50:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"03375202e0fc62182a83f2d9fa7b9d321aced250373e2d8c0e3ac5e239fbd01a","abstract_canon_sha256":"d1ffd4b978bd777dc762b23e1da86f4d2d9e69cc5906d793534d124c6fb8d417"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c0e55559cda443dbfdd976300dc9f88fd74c5face217c96c8193bfc06d643c6d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2501.17358","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.17358","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.17358v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.17358","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YDSVKWONURB5","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YDSVKWONURB5X7OZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YDSVKWON","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2501.17358","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-01-29T00:50:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"03375202e0fc62182a83f2d9fa7b9d321aced250373e2d8c0e3ac5e239fbd01a","abstract_canon_sha256":"d1ffd4b978bd777dc762b23e1da86f4d2d9e69cc5906d793534d124c6fb8d417"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c0e55559cda443dbfdd976300dc9f88fd74c5face217c96c8193bfc06d643c6d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51.785346Z","signature_b64":"wDgh5uO25OUv4LD87IAe/4tyqrOKF5PuYPoH4YOoXbajWz6jsMWeECmVX4ZkUhC57TBiMbxST6WeN+GP5g28BQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c0e55559cda443dbfdd976300dc9f88fd74c5face217c96c8193bfc06d643c6d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51.784200Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51.784200Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2501.17358","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1zRRFZ3peXIw6/TYl/DrQb4iCG1h9/cLerOib1EgH5jYG3uqUXID2Kzvn+uv52umTPHxRC4hw3q424BPfaKEAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T21:52:28.160345Z"},"content_sha256":"2d5c7ac930747bcfe2fd9a910e49e411ad3d17650d4e77247c34d207478c3c55","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2d5c7ac930747bcfe2fd9a910e49e411ad3d17650d4e77247c34d207478c3c55"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Outcome Regression Methods for Analyzing Hybrid Control Studies: Balancing Bias and Variability","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Jialuo Liu, Wei Liu, Zhiwei Zhang","submitted_at":"2025-01-29T00:50:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"There is growing interest in a hybrid control design in which a randomized controlled trial is augmented with an external control arm from a previous trial or real world data. Existing methods for analyzing hybrid control studies include various downweighting and propensity score methods as well as methods that combine downweighting with propensity score stratification. In this article, we describe and discuss methods that make use of an outcome regression model (possibly in addition to a propensity score model). Specifically, we consider an augmentation method, a G-computation method, and a w"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.17358","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2501.17358/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"f/I3vVeH6JGtvBUAlMS+cUlWWZI7NxaAFJJfhpWO8oBEjCXLSAaTuWdkhhB8ut6941F4t4j3XGHJhvoL0EPaAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T21:52:28.160846Z"},"content_sha256":"6fac229fc3a2a2c250257010ec85c0049654c55a5f3c4570db5b607bceee45bb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6fac229fc3a2a2c250257010ec85c0049654c55a5f3c4570db5b607bceee45bb"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T21:52:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:YDSVKWONURB5X7OZOYYA3SPYR7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d1ffd4b978bd777dc762b23e1da86f4d2d9e69cc5906d793534d124c6fb8d417","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-01-29T00:50:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"03375202e0fc62182a83f2d9fa7b9d321aced250373e2d8c0e3ac5e239fbd01a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.17358","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2501.17358","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2501.17358v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.17358","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YDSVKWONURB5","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YDSVKWONURB5X7OZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YDSVKWON","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6fac229fc3a2a2c250257010ec85c0049654c55a5f3c4570db5b607bceee45bb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2501.17358/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"There is growing interest in a hybrid control design in which a randomized controlled trial is augmented with an external control arm from a previous trial or real world data. Existing methods for analyzing hybrid control studies include various downweighting and propensity score methods as well as methods that combine downweighting with propensity score stratification. In this article, we describe and discuss methods that make use of an outcome regression model (possibly in addition to a propensity score model). Specifically, we consider an augmentation method, a G-computation method, and a w","authors_text":"Jialuo Liu, Wei Liu, Zhiwei Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-01-29T00:50:31Z","title":"Outcome Regression Methods for Analyzing Hybrid Control Studies: Balancing Bias and Variability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2501.17358","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2d5c7ac930747bcfe2fd9a910e49e411ad3d17650d4e77247c34d207478c3c55","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d1ffd4b978bd777dc762b23e1da86f4d2d9e69cc5906d793534d124c6fb8d417","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-01-29T00:50:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"03375202e0fc62182a83f2d9fa7b9d321aced250373e2d8c0e3ac5e239fbd01a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2501.17358","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c0e55559cda443dbfdd976300dc9f88fd74c5face217c96c8193bfc06d643c6d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c0e55559cda443dbfdd976300dc9f88fd74c5face217c96c8193bfc06d643c6d","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51.784200Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51.784200Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wDgh5uO25OUv4LD87IAe/4tyqrOKF5PuYPoH4YOoXbajWz6jsMWeECmVX4ZkUhC57TBiMbxST6WeN+GP5g28BQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:06:51.785346Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2501.17358","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2d5c7ac930747bcfe2fd9a910e49e411ad3d17650d4e77247c34d207478c3c55","sha256:6fac229fc3a2a2c250257010ec85c0049654c55a5f3c4570db5b607bceee45bb"],"state_sha256":"242ae5aee703e78104ccb11c0046db3227bd53e1656754ba59b8d94d02b69fbc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6kqOlHq/a5sfsl1P7i1gaYsuo6jcxIKz8emY0JvmKXm4MzIcbbbET64BHzyVaV8CJcHHogiPdiVxx+oU6rHxDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T21:52:28.164413Z","bundle_sha256":"3c82dcc03ea0b654672c095cc86aa294c2984507eb3f8a76dfd4e1488dde389d"}}