{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN","short_pith_number":"pith:YE3NXY6R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1109.1224","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2011-09-06T16:38:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"eff84749573d3eaa4a04c3379af30f1631415ed34e034895528ad98b842f36d0","abstract_canon_sha256":"a60d8a3d10d1326e458a8d6ba6421b93b0d82f9252b0c7d2635e93c22fd1f426"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c136dbe3d127eb97e135a0bfbb8cffcb480003571c6c3b6026870e74bda6c96c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1109.1224","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1109.1224","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1109.1224v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1109.1224","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YE3NXY6RE7VZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YE3NXY6R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1109.1224","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2011-09-06T16:38:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"eff84749573d3eaa4a04c3379af30f1631415ed34e034895528ad98b842f36d0","abstract_canon_sha256":"a60d8a3d10d1326e458a8d6ba6421b93b0d82f9252b0c7d2635e93c22fd1f426"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c136dbe3d127eb97e135a0bfbb8cffcb480003571c6c3b6026870e74bda6c96c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38.888571Z","signature_b64":"96zVWsfXAjA8cLsB/cbzUm2XBhc5po6gFVmB86bQNw1ksf44dC0FWdiurzDF+IAD9ixZAAzvItLpkeMjeDr2Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c136dbe3d127eb97e135a0bfbb8cffcb480003571c6c3b6026870e74bda6c96c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38.887914Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38.887914Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1109.1224","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VzW/agKVbUwL18mzXF/Nu75grFwYRJCJvsHDvOTUMTYUDwoIfMRXNxWQAuKM5t1sA+qo14K+GnpG9UMoeSEPAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T07:31:34.889434Z"},"content_sha256":"5ba8e62400f82c5ac8ff5eb988a2f9f82c0e0ebb23ba9bf34363f6c67cc06d2a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5ba8e62400f82c5ac8ff5eb988a2f9f82c0e0ebb23ba9bf34363f6c67cc06d2a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Graphene formed on SiC under various environments: Comparison of Si-face and C-face","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"Guowei He, Luxmi, N. Srivastava, P. C. Mende, R. M. Feenstra, Yugang Sun","submitted_at":"2011-09-06T16:38:06Z","abstract_excerpt":"The morphology of graphene on SiC {0001} surfaces formed in various environments including ultra-high vacuum, 1 atm of argon, and 10^-6 to 10^-4 Torr of disilane is studied by atomic force microscopy, low-energy electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The graphene is formed by heating the surface to 1100 - 1600 C, which causes preferential sublimation of the Si atoms. The argon atmosphere or the background of disilane decreases the sublimation rate so that a higher graphitization temperature is required, thus improving the morphology of the films. For the (0001) surface, large areas of mo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1109.1224","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3OtwhEDBENomMNZcTSDAuxiKy2uZ2Hf0BnCwVYXaRH+EltHfllxWHSynCtxIKuK5nahrNRaSA9ZX+8PzpetLCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T07:31:34.890147Z"},"content_sha256":"6cf782effa2c4e14ccb5419f883cfdf2708d4a9b9b2c55336f8f8c44890e460f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6cf782effa2c4e14ccb5419f883cfdf2708d4a9b9b2c55336f8f8c44890e460f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T07:31:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJVUC73XDH7ZN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a60d8a3d10d1326e458a8d6ba6421b93b0d82f9252b0c7d2635e93c22fd1f426","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2011-09-06T16:38:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"eff84749573d3eaa4a04c3379af30f1631415ed34e034895528ad98b842f36d0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1109.1224","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1109.1224","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1109.1224v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1109.1224","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YE3NXY6RE7VZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YE3NXY6RE7VZPYJV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YE3NXY6R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6cf782effa2c4e14ccb5419f883cfdf2708d4a9b9b2c55336f8f8c44890e460f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The morphology of graphene on SiC {0001} surfaces formed in various environments including ultra-high vacuum, 1 atm of argon, and 10^-6 to 10^-4 Torr of disilane is studied by atomic force microscopy, low-energy electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The graphene is formed by heating the surface to 1100 - 1600 C, which causes preferential sublimation of the Si atoms. The argon atmosphere or the background of disilane decreases the sublimation rate so that a higher graphitization temperature is required, thus improving the morphology of the films. For the (0001) surface, large areas of mo","authors_text":"Guowei He, Luxmi, N. Srivastava, P. C. Mende, R. M. Feenstra, Yugang Sun","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2011-09-06T16:38:06Z","title":"Graphene formed on SiC under various environments: Comparison of Si-face and C-face"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1109.1224","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5ba8e62400f82c5ac8ff5eb988a2f9f82c0e0ebb23ba9bf34363f6c67cc06d2a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a60d8a3d10d1326e458a8d6ba6421b93b0d82f9252b0c7d2635e93c22fd1f426","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2011-09-06T16:38:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"eff84749573d3eaa4a04c3379af30f1631415ed34e034895528ad98b842f36d0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1109.1224","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c136dbe3d127eb97e135a0bfbb8cffcb480003571c6c3b6026870e74bda6c96c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c136dbe3d127eb97e135a0bfbb8cffcb480003571c6c3b6026870e74bda6c96c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38.887914Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38.887914Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"96zVWsfXAjA8cLsB/cbzUm2XBhc5po6gFVmB86bQNw1ksf44dC0FWdiurzDF+IAD9ixZAAzvItLpkeMjeDr2Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:00:38.888571Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1109.1224","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5ba8e62400f82c5ac8ff5eb988a2f9f82c0e0ebb23ba9bf34363f6c67cc06d2a","sha256:6cf782effa2c4e14ccb5419f883cfdf2708d4a9b9b2c55336f8f8c44890e460f"],"state_sha256":"30fe7d5b7086dea37f079018d181dfb29e3b57cfa523bda713bcd84c2212763f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IrvN8Qqn2zPTP3yOtvb86gY7SLf+ZAzUp72tfP56sKMn0LDF4v4eaDC3Ksa6wsc5t7+LrDCJhMNRgfvtFfr+BA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T07:31:34.893400Z","bundle_sha256":"16123718ea8c22b95af7df9023608dd9737fd0c8fb0582d9f3b2650ad2660908"}}