{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5","short_pith_number":"pith:YF2JZWVO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1602.02698","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T19:13:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"356d5dae15352150c38a31d14bcf1fa8638fe80b8c56eeee81b706404558b9b3","abstract_canon_sha256":"29ac402a543d40564e82d9fbd0c9189b33b0cf9b67a8d4014f3dec524cc7b4a4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c1749cdaae495b48f48d0d756aa83b3f7afb69eb8bff31e87bd031f4c6cd16fb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1602.02698","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1602.02698","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1602.02698v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1602.02698","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YF2JZWVOJFNU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YF2JZWVOJFNUR5EN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YF2JZWVO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1602.02698","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T19:13:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"356d5dae15352150c38a31d14bcf1fa8638fe80b8c56eeee81b706404558b9b3","abstract_canon_sha256":"29ac402a543d40564e82d9fbd0c9189b33b0cf9b67a8d4014f3dec524cc7b4a4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c1749cdaae495b48f48d0d756aa83b3f7afb69eb8bff31e87bd031f4c6cd16fb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09.135966Z","signature_b64":"+YY9Utp9wQQKAhP8fNPbNFI6HJ5u7fqNpX5EWCluUeHQZLqzTLJfDesnZ8fOYiWaqeQiEC1E6DQMb9J1CRKnBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c1749cdaae495b48f48d0d756aa83b3f7afb69eb8bff31e87bd031f4c6cd16fb","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09.135204Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09.135204Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1602.02698","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"o3fazuZyAIMfU4Xkdi7Ce29rV1PGMAu+zLRDXodk+ytbv7aigNdX3Q44NEDhK0nESm5waXrX27d9hwMAROzhBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T16:03:28.940041Z"},"content_sha256":"c48e68867c21d3ea414bcdeccc7e88eb2f4c806c965e1e427562ca7abbce2161","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c48e68867c21d3ea414bcdeccc7e88eb2f4c806c965e1e427562ca7abbce2161"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Defining Cross-Cloud Systems","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.DC","authors_text":"Yehia Elkhatib","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T19:13:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent years have seen an increasing number of cross-cloud architectures, i.e. systems that span across cloud provisioning boundaries. However, the cloud computing world still lacks any standards in terms of programming interfaces, which has a knock-on effect on the costs associated with interoperability and severely limits the flexibility and portability of applications and virtual infrastructures. This paper outlines the different types of cross-cloud systems, and the associated design decisions."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1602.02698","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"68g9ImvI32nI7IMXhAqSuKm/odKzn2f2y/3UksfVcbpU2kWLOrCwPdbCGDN7QD7zt0JZu/tkHurWMcyc+EsvAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T16:03:28.940581Z"},"content_sha256":"c0b1145418dcc80511c411a4b193b3cb7ddaeba198d76cd0cff36f27ec92c801","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c0b1145418dcc80511c411a4b193b3cb7ddaeba198d76cd0cff36f27ec92c801"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T16:03:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:YF2JZWVOJFNUR5ENBV2WVKB3H5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"29ac402a543d40564e82d9fbd0c9189b33b0cf9b67a8d4014f3dec524cc7b4a4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T19:13:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"356d5dae15352150c38a31d14bcf1fa8638fe80b8c56eeee81b706404558b9b3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1602.02698","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1602.02698","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1602.02698v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1602.02698","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YF2JZWVOJFNU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YF2JZWVOJFNUR5EN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YF2JZWVO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c0b1145418dcc80511c411a4b193b3cb7ddaeba198d76cd0cff36f27ec92c801","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent years have seen an increasing number of cross-cloud architectures, i.e. systems that span across cloud provisioning boundaries. However, the cloud computing world still lacks any standards in terms of programming interfaces, which has a knock-on effect on the costs associated with interoperability and severely limits the flexibility and portability of applications and virtual infrastructures. This paper outlines the different types of cross-cloud systems, and the associated design decisions.","authors_text":"Yehia Elkhatib","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T19:13:32Z","title":"Defining Cross-Cloud Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1602.02698","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c48e68867c21d3ea414bcdeccc7e88eb2f4c806c965e1e427562ca7abbce2161","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"29ac402a543d40564e82d9fbd0c9189b33b0cf9b67a8d4014f3dec524cc7b4a4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T19:13:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"356d5dae15352150c38a31d14bcf1fa8638fe80b8c56eeee81b706404558b9b3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1602.02698","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c1749cdaae495b48f48d0d756aa83b3f7afb69eb8bff31e87bd031f4c6cd16fb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c1749cdaae495b48f48d0d756aa83b3f7afb69eb8bff31e87bd031f4c6cd16fb","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09.135204Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09.135204Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+YY9Utp9wQQKAhP8fNPbNFI6HJ5u7fqNpX5EWCluUeHQZLqzTLJfDesnZ8fOYiWaqeQiEC1E6DQMb9J1CRKnBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:21:09.135966Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1602.02698","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c48e68867c21d3ea414bcdeccc7e88eb2f4c806c965e1e427562ca7abbce2161","sha256:c0b1145418dcc80511c411a4b193b3cb7ddaeba198d76cd0cff36f27ec92c801"],"state_sha256":"4b640816d18bf5cd3b33348aa8757ae5dea27225384ce7adbe07fffc7035d2fc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zcU3KwcIAumxvP9QCAYiQb9aNP8FUQ64ORAdD4wM3PQkYR7tkSk3x+OVh4lc5UHuse6eO9pnX7NgXmabVnGkDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T16:03:28.943781Z","bundle_sha256":"774ffc5ef58cc38d03870edff5284246cb5153b1f1e504d4139e528681058e3e"}}