{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU","short_pith_number":"pith:YF6NVIW7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2409.12632","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-09-19T10:05:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"title_canon_sha256":"d3b268d71865315b4157d4501296bfab4ff4e9a779f9eafbccf7fa4c4af365aa","abstract_canon_sha256":"40627f2866d348f8d6c2ec8443f297e26ef8947350e4b3a99cd7be29b2988841"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c17cdaa2df6cd1f0f6effc3c73d75fad22899aeb6f74071266d6d0c4d9bfb603","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2409.12632","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.12632","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.12632v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.12632","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YF6NVIW7NTI7","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YF6NVIW7","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2409.12632","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-09-19T10:05:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"title_canon_sha256":"d3b268d71865315b4157d4501296bfab4ff4e9a779f9eafbccf7fa4c4af365aa","abstract_canon_sha256":"40627f2866d348f8d6c2ec8443f297e26ef8947350e4b3a99cd7be29b2988841"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c17cdaa2df6cd1f0f6effc3c73d75fad22899aeb6f74071266d6d0c4d9bfb603","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10.011587Z","signature_b64":"DwMURdMX8xYbx6ldvAAQdZkUfnMKR6XKQy2Ki8SCrblEBn/ANe5+UDNwKDAamoHwQQZ92TiN3QEQ7VVlV/avAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c17cdaa2df6cd1f0f6effc3c73d75fad22899aeb6f74071266d6d0c4d9bfb603","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10.011090Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10.011090Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2409.12632","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oM3+d7qqmlJp/GMuX/7c8mYnahTRa10r7BjHnHbTJTgEaT7TsoNUmABE3z3YqWcDC66G03HAoZb7Ro6G2j3ZDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T09:54:24.122973Z"},"content_sha256":"b8bdaeca5eb8359794504a263670d09db9577f0c34ab0b95f416331b4c911d2e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b8bdaeca5eb8359794504a263670d09db9577f0c34ab0b95f416331b4c911d2e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Counterfactual Explanations for Clustering Models","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Aurora Spagnol, Kacper Sokol, Marc Langheinrich, Martin Gjoreski, Pietro Barbiero","submitted_at":"2024-09-19T10:05:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"Clustering algorithms rely on complex optimisation processes that may be difficult to comprehend, especially for individuals who lack technical expertise. While many explainable artificial intelligence techniques exist for supervised machine learning, unsupervised learning -- and clustering in particular -- has been largely neglected. To complicate matters further, the notion of a ``true'' cluster is inherently challenging to define. These facets of unsupervised learning and its explainability make it difficult to foster trust in such methods and curtail their adoption. To address these challe"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.12632","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2409.12632/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"goB55+sOGGdO5Ep/6QKrC9BwZnmMqQTSICmXJ6D7fWmFfM11+au0gtHz9wYykcXQOMdItDEByMqejVhpo2w+BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T09:54:24.123558Z"},"content_sha256":"d549680eb9674aec174f6fe5486c6d208cdc22872538ccc5a0ee3f11a0c75e25","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d549680eb9674aec174f6fe5486c6d208cdc22872538ccc5a0ee3f11a0c75e25"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-21T09:54:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP7Q6HHV27VU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"40627f2866d348f8d6c2ec8443f297e26ef8947350e4b3a99cd7be29b2988841","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-09-19T10:05:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"d3b268d71865315b4157d4501296bfab4ff4e9a779f9eafbccf7fa4c4af365aa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.12632","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2409.12632","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2409.12632v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2409.12632","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YF6NVIW7NTI7","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YF6NVIW7NTI7B5XP","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YF6NVIW7","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d549680eb9674aec174f6fe5486c6d208cdc22872538ccc5a0ee3f11a0c75e25","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2409.12632/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Clustering algorithms rely on complex optimisation processes that may be difficult to comprehend, especially for individuals who lack technical expertise. While many explainable artificial intelligence techniques exist for supervised machine learning, unsupervised learning -- and clustering in particular -- has been largely neglected. To complicate matters further, the notion of a ``true'' cluster is inherently challenging to define. These facets of unsupervised learning and its explainability make it difficult to foster trust in such methods and curtail their adoption. To address these challe","authors_text":"Aurora Spagnol, Kacper Sokol, Marc Langheinrich, Martin Gjoreski, Pietro Barbiero","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-09-19T10:05:58Z","title":"Counterfactual Explanations for Clustering Models"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2409.12632","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b8bdaeca5eb8359794504a263670d09db9577f0c34ab0b95f416331b4c911d2e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"40627f2866d348f8d6c2ec8443f297e26ef8947350e4b3a99cd7be29b2988841","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.NE"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-09-19T10:05:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"d3b268d71865315b4157d4501296bfab4ff4e9a779f9eafbccf7fa4c4af365aa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2409.12632","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c17cdaa2df6cd1f0f6effc3c73d75fad22899aeb6f74071266d6d0c4d9bfb603","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c17cdaa2df6cd1f0f6effc3c73d75fad22899aeb6f74071266d6d0c4d9bfb603","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10.011090Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10.011090Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"DwMURdMX8xYbx6ldvAAQdZkUfnMKR6XKQy2Ki8SCrblEBn/ANe5+UDNwKDAamoHwQQZ92TiN3QEQ7VVlV/avAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:09:10.011587Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2409.12632","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b8bdaeca5eb8359794504a263670d09db9577f0c34ab0b95f416331b4c911d2e","sha256:d549680eb9674aec174f6fe5486c6d208cdc22872538ccc5a0ee3f11a0c75e25"],"state_sha256":"50039a8097ce8a6d80c488f98412f6276f32d1242fbecf2d51b7257a0ba61745"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xf6GHs+qcRw6Uro2jkL5o99S0HD6R8/tnuV3SXa2v0RHKiY+leuWfyNAVtRk1Wqk6NkwUwbGf+Cr9Kf8RCGZBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T09:54:24.128412Z","bundle_sha256":"d45385ef1afbae574e3e535bd309d77f7a2be522a455d70a908fb3251ef92589"}}