{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW","short_pith_number":"pith:YG42GT35","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2504.14965","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-04-21T08:48:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d538315a3f6a011a47e835718487f124e51e6a5dae465fca92fdac966487496b","abstract_canon_sha256":"0edaa360286ba34d3413b20865b3c5ff5376c9f313c833bab958b9aba0d176ae"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c1b9a34f7da935653c3ee631e5af8365a4b19e53b8709d8d63a93befc7d880b7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2504.14965","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2504.14965","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2504.14965v2","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2504.14965","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YG42GT35VE2W","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YG42GT35VE2WKPB6","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YG42GT35","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2504.14965","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-04-21T08:48:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d538315a3f6a011a47e835718487f124e51e6a5dae465fca92fdac966487496b","abstract_canon_sha256":"0edaa360286ba34d3413b20865b3c5ff5376c9f313c833bab958b9aba0d176ae"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c1b9a34f7da935653c3ee631e5af8365a4b19e53b8709d8d63a93befc7d880b7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08.670381Z","signature_b64":"TmY4lVnpVx0K0zoDxE71+z4OCGkEnoggyTqL7DgDjhfJvE87rq568nc40gbjroTwsGe0rhCsS0/IZTqqiu95DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c1b9a34f7da935653c3ee631e5af8365a4b19e53b8709d8d63a93befc7d880b7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08.669632Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08.669632Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2504.14965","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HqloZ0UcSA0XAN4JNBPk0vz1HjQeWPJ9cTs+PYsLOWMPWGaagEYsA2yMJlxsVss7BRAehFXFdc4uIYvbTJfRAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T04:21:41.770116Z"},"content_sha256":"4f3ce969dc532cbb390cf8f710367559be656a51713982e2d159626782459a96","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4f3ce969dc532cbb390cf8f710367559be656a51713982e2d159626782459a96"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Security Framework for General Blockchain Layer 2 Protocols","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Matteo Maffei, Yuheng Wang, Zeta Avarikioti","submitted_at":"2025-04-21T08:48:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"Layer 2 (L2) protocols, payment channels, sidechains, and rollups, are central to blockchain scalability, enabling off-chain execution while preserving on-chain security. Despite growing deployment, existing security models remain protocol-specific and monolithic, hindering compositional reasoning and principled comparison of assumptions and requirements. We present a general security framework for L2 protocols in the IITM-style Universal Composability (iUC) model. At its core is a modular ideal functionality F_layer2 that abstracts mechanism-specific details while capturing the essential stru"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.14965","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2504.14965/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LUSD0lnPqRiQAl3Ar1DHQkNHgcrfupTLuWKhZCKaT0DbmZJvVV6y+dSBadqxGdfKFrHmYw5ejESMbt0iLSfeBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T04:21:41.770506Z"},"content_sha256":"fd1e60f42a93fd143670b0bbc2384c6d5ee2af2aef75f7819951bab8362b589a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fd1e60f42a93fd143670b0bbc2384c6d5ee2af2aef75f7819951bab8362b589a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-04T04:21:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:YG42GT35VE2WKPB64YY6LL4DMW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0edaa360286ba34d3413b20865b3c5ff5376c9f313c833bab958b9aba0d176ae","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-04-21T08:48:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"d538315a3f6a011a47e835718487f124e51e6a5dae465fca92fdac966487496b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2504.14965","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2504.14965","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2504.14965v2","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2504.14965","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YG42GT35VE2W","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YG42GT35VE2WKPB6","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YG42GT35","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fd1e60f42a93fd143670b0bbc2384c6d5ee2af2aef75f7819951bab8362b589a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2504.14965/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Layer 2 (L2) protocols, payment channels, sidechains, and rollups, are central to blockchain scalability, enabling off-chain execution while preserving on-chain security. Despite growing deployment, existing security models remain protocol-specific and monolithic, hindering compositional reasoning and principled comparison of assumptions and requirements. We present a general security framework for L2 protocols in the IITM-style Universal Composability (iUC) model. At its core is a modular ideal functionality F_layer2 that abstracts mechanism-specific details while capturing the essential stru","authors_text":"Matteo Maffei, Yuheng Wang, Zeta Avarikioti","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-04-21T08:48:24Z","title":"A Security Framework for General Blockchain Layer 2 Protocols"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.14965","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4f3ce969dc532cbb390cf8f710367559be656a51713982e2d159626782459a96","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0edaa360286ba34d3413b20865b3c5ff5376c9f313c833bab958b9aba0d176ae","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2025-04-21T08:48:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"d538315a3f6a011a47e835718487f124e51e6a5dae465fca92fdac966487496b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2504.14965","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c1b9a34f7da935653c3ee631e5af8365a4b19e53b8709d8d63a93befc7d880b7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c1b9a34f7da935653c3ee631e5af8365a4b19e53b8709d8d63a93befc7d880b7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08.669632Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08.669632Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TmY4lVnpVx0K0zoDxE71+z4OCGkEnoggyTqL7DgDjhfJvE87rq568nc40gbjroTwsGe0rhCsS0/IZTqqiu95DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:08.670381Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2504.14965","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4f3ce969dc532cbb390cf8f710367559be656a51713982e2d159626782459a96","sha256:fd1e60f42a93fd143670b0bbc2384c6d5ee2af2aef75f7819951bab8362b589a"],"state_sha256":"9314362effefd4f49bf70df5da5ec69e2e72872d764d097223d5fbac663c609c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eKEigB9DqlHQdWx3kccc7XCNgUmq6B5wX7ci4vOgJEKiZv/qZcSKKW+fVej51gyLzz60jE2zGsxHE7cBU+INBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T04:21:41.772475Z","bundle_sha256":"b9a0e95cb00f8eb16cc9a2e3fa387de1b0313ed6c6eab605090167386bcee001"}}