{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U","short_pith_number":"pith:YGV2ZL7K","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2311.04365","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2023-11-07T21:59:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"518a792163fd5309110261ced778673c4bf5524b703aa5d9ffc87636471f2547","abstract_canon_sha256":"c6eefe5b9c9f6c4aebb7d3e9f50e9c783a5bc7e8391aa579fe97c8f9a1373f7f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c1abacafea91c1cbfa825ba597bffbe53ef67d4a444ddfceeaf03b2290e74e1d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2311.04365","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2311.04365","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2311.04365v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.04365","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YGV2ZL7KSHA4","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UC","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YGV2ZL7K","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2311.04365","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2023-11-07T21:59:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"518a792163fd5309110261ced778673c4bf5524b703aa5d9ffc87636471f2547","abstract_canon_sha256":"c6eefe5b9c9f6c4aebb7d3e9f50e9c783a5bc7e8391aa579fe97c8f9a1373f7f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c1abacafea91c1cbfa825ba597bffbe53ef67d4a444ddfceeaf03b2290e74e1d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44.813910Z","signature_b64":"i26YZ4JYOTP1+ZX94ROrPo6JUcFvi1YduagSJtLUR9rDYQGCMgSE4jWqgtfCWpGxzNgC2iU1IKBEQhMjkO8MAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c1abacafea91c1cbfa825ba597bffbe53ef67d4a444ddfceeaf03b2290e74e1d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44.813504Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44.813504Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2311.04365","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JUSHDG4Xijzsx4fvfLvirEjE8g4tN+PxdJEp/3JxguCIAuaioxS+Z1cGRcomp40HAZaK94B6m1HFidXmoK33Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T15:37:12.659302Z"},"content_sha256":"c916525a60075a667f73ad203c5a0837836476ed11bfe814af9607e2d4ce1a50","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c916525a60075a667f73ad203c5a0837836476ed11bfe814af9607e2d4ce1a50"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Formation of wide-orbit giant planets in protoplanetary disks with a decreasing pebble flux","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Anders Johansen, Johan Appelgren, Michiel Lambrechts, Nerea Gurrutxaga","submitted_at":"2023-11-07T21:59:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"The presence of distant protoplanets may explain the observed gaps in the dust emission of protoplanetary disks. Here, we derive a novel analytical model to describe the temporal decay of the pebble flux through a protoplanetary disk as the result of radial drift. This has allowed us to investigate the growth and migration of distant protoplanets throughout the lifespan of the disk. We find that Moon-mass protoplanets that formed early on can grow to their pebble isolation mass, between approximately $20$ and $80\\,M_{\\oplus}$, within less than $1\\,\\mathrm{Myr,}$ in the $20$ to $80\\,\\mathrm{AU}"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2311.04365","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2311.04365/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jDlB16itFw0We5zppMWg0iZNlybP1zGdtLsK2FoIxJzBiBKzpvMTC1KGTmYBgtDF5ECSZsrVgoyFnAdtQ+avCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T15:37:12.659687Z"},"content_sha256":"2208876f2fb779c511c13e7ac3ec7cfaeb1ef2da4f59fd34cb95add353d500d6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2208876f2fb779c511c13e7ac3ec7cfaeb1ef2da4f59fd34cb95add353d500d6"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T15:37:12Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UCLOSZPP734U","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c6eefe5b9c9f6c4aebb7d3e9f50e9c783a5bc7e8391aa579fe97c8f9a1373f7f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2023-11-07T21:59:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"518a792163fd5309110261ced778673c4bf5524b703aa5d9ffc87636471f2547"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2311.04365","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2311.04365","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2311.04365v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.04365","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YGV2ZL7KSHA4","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YGV2ZL7KSHA4X6UC","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YGV2ZL7K","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2208876f2fb779c511c13e7ac3ec7cfaeb1ef2da4f59fd34cb95add353d500d6","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2311.04365/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The presence of distant protoplanets may explain the observed gaps in the dust emission of protoplanetary disks. Here, we derive a novel analytical model to describe the temporal decay of the pebble flux through a protoplanetary disk as the result of radial drift. This has allowed us to investigate the growth and migration of distant protoplanets throughout the lifespan of the disk. We find that Moon-mass protoplanets that formed early on can grow to their pebble isolation mass, between approximately $20$ and $80\\,M_{\\oplus}$, within less than $1\\,\\mathrm{Myr,}$ in the $20$ to $80\\,\\mathrm{AU}","authors_text":"Anders Johansen, Johan Appelgren, Michiel Lambrechts, Nerea Gurrutxaga","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2023-11-07T21:59:34Z","title":"Formation of wide-orbit giant planets in protoplanetary disks with a decreasing pebble flux"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2311.04365","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c916525a60075a667f73ad203c5a0837836476ed11bfe814af9607e2d4ce1a50","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c6eefe5b9c9f6c4aebb7d3e9f50e9c783a5bc7e8391aa579fe97c8f9a1373f7f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2023-11-07T21:59:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"518a792163fd5309110261ced778673c4bf5524b703aa5d9ffc87636471f2547"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2311.04365","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c1abacafea91c1cbfa825ba597bffbe53ef67d4a444ddfceeaf03b2290e74e1d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c1abacafea91c1cbfa825ba597bffbe53ef67d4a444ddfceeaf03b2290e74e1d","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44.813504Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44.813504Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"i26YZ4JYOTP1+ZX94ROrPo6JUcFvi1YduagSJtLUR9rDYQGCMgSE4jWqgtfCWpGxzNgC2iU1IKBEQhMjkO8MAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:41:44.813910Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2311.04365","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c916525a60075a667f73ad203c5a0837836476ed11bfe814af9607e2d4ce1a50","sha256:2208876f2fb779c511c13e7ac3ec7cfaeb1ef2da4f59fd34cb95add353d500d6"],"state_sha256":"252182feee09745be3256417d8649b9dadc4f8d3d0732137cb9e3aa84e8bc6b7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rrX1O57v6Sdo1qp63jKUDVL2LUFgPCcI4v4D4y3szF/2uR/r4B5N/B5QweFFwypQW+zyhbH3lAPG/49V55DlAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T15:37:12.662432Z","bundle_sha256":"a5c2a6894f8cc6715524e1c56e9ca3653494d323d4270260612e983ca09e11cb"}}