{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3","short_pith_number":"pith:YI2UB7KK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.09591","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-14T17:33:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"133bb3c4af762269cb4e0e7da82562a0f89b9157b6c0e64d2989e57b5152773b","abstract_canon_sha256":"45695a7faf2604a07a0a61d618506f1f7313193be2b03133f11c889323845bca"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c23540fd4aeae1359b000abec52a1896dbe75a737b76998526e62dc8587164f6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.09591","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.09591","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.09591v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.09591","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YI2UB7KK5LQT","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYA","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YI2UB7KK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.09591","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-14T17:33:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"133bb3c4af762269cb4e0e7da82562a0f89b9157b6c0e64d2989e57b5152773b","abstract_canon_sha256":"45695a7faf2604a07a0a61d618506f1f7313193be2b03133f11c889323845bca"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c23540fd4aeae1359b000abec52a1896dbe75a737b76998526e62dc8587164f6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11.779310Z","signature_b64":"CQGNHlmTRg+mOGiaGSZZ/8yDWMMXaGwm2P2v92TsSHCK3765e6osQ47bNafreg0JiOmgVzYH/YC7cFW6ZKP4Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c23540fd4aeae1359b000abec52a1896dbe75a737b76998526e62dc8587164f6","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11.778662Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11.778662Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.09591","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YdYzndjoR39eKSxSd3p1QP7d8ZqiEj5tqkKL4Og6PpdjdhCpdw/esh5yPLtH36JcU0IacI0HedXb96WSjNdeAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-31T17:23:00.084711Z"},"content_sha256":"261da092871ddbc23f30c7ac0eb9c25ee7ae9159e84c64f1ee5754c32904ac9d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:261da092871ddbc23f30c7ac0eb9c25ee7ae9159e84c64f1ee5754c32904ac9d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The effect of spatially-varying collision frequency on the development of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.space-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Bhuvana Srinivasan, James Juno, John Rodman","submitted_at":"2024-03-14T17:33:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability is ubiquitously observed, yet has traditionally been studied using ideal fluid models. Collisionality can vary strongly across the fluid interface, and previous work demonstrates the necessity of kinetic models to completely capture dynamics in certain collisional regimes. Where previous kinetic simulations used spatially- and temporally-constant collision frequency, this work presents 5-dimensional (two spatial, three velocity dimensions) continuum-kinetic simulations of the RT instability using a more realistic spatially-varying collision frequency. Three"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.09591","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.09591/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xtaU4jMLdoStgjPojZNg0AcbhgpFkcWxV9p9WrWQ1POOnNU0CGbWgs6S9Cc/dUcv+hz0VnD0cPrt6s/JPraTAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-31T17:23:00.085024Z"},"content_sha256":"16bacdf5261a1933933cef663f21467625058aa05914965e57dc14d38eab5da0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:16bacdf5261a1933933cef663f21467625058aa05914965e57dc14d38eab5da0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-31T17:23:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYABK7MKKQYS3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"45695a7faf2604a07a0a61d618506f1f7313193be2b03133f11c889323845bca","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-14T17:33:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"133bb3c4af762269cb4e0e7da82562a0f89b9157b6c0e64d2989e57b5152773b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.09591","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.09591","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.09591v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.09591","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YI2UB7KK5LQT","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YI2UB7KK5LQTLGYA","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YI2UB7KK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:16bacdf5261a1933933cef663f21467625058aa05914965e57dc14d38eab5da0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.09591/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability is ubiquitously observed, yet has traditionally been studied using ideal fluid models. Collisionality can vary strongly across the fluid interface, and previous work demonstrates the necessity of kinetic models to completely capture dynamics in certain collisional regimes. Where previous kinetic simulations used spatially- and temporally-constant collision frequency, this work presents 5-dimensional (two spatial, three velocity dimensions) continuum-kinetic simulations of the RT instability using a more realistic spatially-varying collision frequency. Three","authors_text":"Bhuvana Srinivasan, James Juno, John Rodman","cross_cats":["physics.space-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-14T17:33:32Z","title":"The effect of spatially-varying collision frequency on the development of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.09591","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:261da092871ddbc23f30c7ac0eb9c25ee7ae9159e84c64f1ee5754c32904ac9d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"45695a7faf2604a07a0a61d618506f1f7313193be2b03133f11c889323845bca","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2024-03-14T17:33:32Z","title_canon_sha256":"133bb3c4af762269cb4e0e7da82562a0f89b9157b6c0e64d2989e57b5152773b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.09591","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c23540fd4aeae1359b000abec52a1896dbe75a737b76998526e62dc8587164f6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c23540fd4aeae1359b000abec52a1896dbe75a737b76998526e62dc8587164f6","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11.778662Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11.778662Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"CQGNHlmTRg+mOGiaGSZZ/8yDWMMXaGwm2P2v92TsSHCK3765e6osQ47bNafreg0JiOmgVzYH/YC7cFW6ZKP4Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:56:11.779310Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.09591","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:261da092871ddbc23f30c7ac0eb9c25ee7ae9159e84c64f1ee5754c32904ac9d","sha256:16bacdf5261a1933933cef663f21467625058aa05914965e57dc14d38eab5da0"],"state_sha256":"32fa6cdbd5a4935f783441296bf256c1167751e3c4462d2848f5d4b0382900a8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CyxjTsM1f9w/6uai+UPhxbfyikbwP/gKbGvNMPE0Mo43QNhGm6j4MW1WLueIg6uJNWqUxNNt7dUYqP4Bp3A1DA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-31T17:23:00.088463Z","bundle_sha256":"67ad8d74b2a58790b10ca9127e4be5a8d2e6ae8042275aae8455785426eda2b8"}}