{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2003:YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD","short_pith_number":"pith:YICB4QY5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-lat/0305015","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2003-05-16T10:26:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"499fc5ab602ac2467b40d9090ee23c0bb691299d770621c0305630ba64194148","abstract_canon_sha256":"887efda3c2a491e39dab5a84edd5fd26844253b1a698e0271179fb81f6eeb063"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c2041e431d457f40abd2e6bb1bf21278c2ba3f8fd7f100b49da6827c07bbd28b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-lat/0305015","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-lat/0305015","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-lat/0305015v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-lat/0305015","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YICB4QY5IV7U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YICB4QY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2003:YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-lat/0305015","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2003-05-16T10:26:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"499fc5ab602ac2467b40d9090ee23c0bb691299d770621c0305630ba64194148","abstract_canon_sha256":"887efda3c2a491e39dab5a84edd5fd26844253b1a698e0271179fb81f6eeb063"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c2041e431d457f40abd2e6bb1bf21278c2ba3f8fd7f100b49da6827c07bbd28b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57.773558Z","signature_b64":"xSlf8khjdYrHIvtdQcx7VFSi4Os8A47871Sc09sCou0/ad+NQZFphUiy3uRw3vSucSmIm0oxF1Ioq2OzlelVBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c2041e431d457f40abd2e6bb1bf21278c2ba3f8fd7f100b49da6827c07bbd28b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57.772939Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57.772939Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"hep-lat/0305015","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CoOSOKix9G/PyQbOxgCyyxr+OEtx4GIFS3bmAg3mXlQ8HDwyMjo8MDI+dbcJ1SDyMiInVeeR/XglOHmDmBbRBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T19:28:35.958970Z"},"content_sha256":"d719310344b09c6d673c9b8600b11190c537004e3756c57c5ca7f365ee3c7575","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d719310344b09c6d673c9b8600b11190c537004e3756c57c5ca7f365ee3c7575"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2003:YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Factorization Method for Simulating QCD at Finite Density","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-lat","authors_text":"Jun Nishimura (KEK)","submitted_at":"2003-05-16T10:26:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose a new method for simulating QCD at finite density. The method is based on a general factorization property of distribution functions of observables, and it is therefore applicable to any system with a complex action. The so-called overlap problem is completely eliminated by the use of constrained simulations. We test this method in a Random Matrix Theory for finite density QCD, where we are able to reproduce the exact results for the quark number density."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-lat/0305015","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gmOXiIzmWPx7Twwwzo40WcGsb/VDikNrhgQ+2xMnZ6bqYK1t53QQCwMuUYwieF/vBGNnRPPVrAMu+/181fmqDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T19:28:35.959749Z"},"content_sha256":"0ce5474cc15e014608337687c6f2315fee76d18f6394a3baddfb4980d32ca2f5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0ce5474cc15e014608337687c6f2315fee76d18f6394a3baddfb4980d32ca2f5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-08T19:28:35Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2003:YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S425RX4QSPD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"887efda3c2a491e39dab5a84edd5fd26844253b1a698e0271179fb81f6eeb063","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2003-05-16T10:26:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"499fc5ab602ac2467b40d9090ee23c0bb691299d770621c0305630ba64194148"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-lat/0305015","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-lat/0305015","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-lat/0305015v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-lat/0305015","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YICB4QY5IV7U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YICB4QY5IV7UBK6S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YICB4QY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0ce5474cc15e014608337687c6f2315fee76d18f6394a3baddfb4980d32ca2f5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We propose a new method for simulating QCD at finite density. The method is based on a general factorization property of distribution functions of observables, and it is therefore applicable to any system with a complex action. The so-called overlap problem is completely eliminated by the use of constrained simulations. We test this method in a Random Matrix Theory for finite density QCD, where we are able to reproduce the exact results for the quark number density.","authors_text":"Jun Nishimura (KEK)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2003-05-16T10:26:22Z","title":"Factorization Method for Simulating QCD at Finite Density"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-lat/0305015","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d719310344b09c6d673c9b8600b11190c537004e3756c57c5ca7f365ee3c7575","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"887efda3c2a491e39dab5a84edd5fd26844253b1a698e0271179fb81f6eeb063","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-lat","submitted_at":"2003-05-16T10:26:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"499fc5ab602ac2467b40d9090ee23c0bb691299d770621c0305630ba64194148"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-lat/0305015","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c2041e431d457f40abd2e6bb1bf21278c2ba3f8fd7f100b49da6827c07bbd28b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c2041e431d457f40abd2e6bb1bf21278c2ba3f8fd7f100b49da6827c07bbd28b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57.772939Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57.772939Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xSlf8khjdYrHIvtdQcx7VFSi4Os8A47871Sc09sCou0/ad+NQZFphUiy3uRw3vSucSmIm0oxF1Ioq2OzlelVBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:57.773558Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"hep-lat/0305015","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d719310344b09c6d673c9b8600b11190c537004e3756c57c5ca7f365ee3c7575","sha256:0ce5474cc15e014608337687c6f2315fee76d18f6394a3baddfb4980d32ca2f5"],"state_sha256":"ed0a5e5c36ef237fe16ad43130d317887a47bbceacf874efcd34c190c5b67c30"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"w7mt3r6rcqf5Av1x8XOpvsRc2MLRbIEpo1BX+xFWwfccRFkLId0bSiEyhNQcYrmNQtwxrMszxkzzbxriQBU2CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T19:28:35.963545Z","bundle_sha256":"89d3569553f507e359ef18a6b064deb258e8fa15c3245acce155e29b4bf60527"}}