{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX","short_pith_number":"pith:YJ47LZ7S","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.01523","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T21:20:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4c514c81fcdd5069b2a23bee320d572786e007fd42492c158b6ddbcb7cc9a527","abstract_canon_sha256":"188feb80cd7d99d399556e83c77c72d62509720408f4c2f12e87cd77ae2eb084"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c279f5e7f242f1db34428c8618bb1a6ddd0ed474e62ee02cacba9e92c7346a3e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1810.01523","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.01523","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.01523v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.01523","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YJ47LZ7SILY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YJ47LZ7S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.01523","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T21:20:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4c514c81fcdd5069b2a23bee320d572786e007fd42492c158b6ddbcb7cc9a527","abstract_canon_sha256":"188feb80cd7d99d399556e83c77c72d62509720408f4c2f12e87cd77ae2eb084"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c279f5e7f242f1db34428c8618bb1a6ddd0ed474e62ee02cacba9e92c7346a3e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11.874751Z","signature_b64":"YxZ2aoqJKG/4CKlHoK7u51VlaJDRUDN1Zt8iQdesok/qlBzDlaS6aPuZMr+8anXEsrWRgcVBpachir4GfJUYDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c279f5e7f242f1db34428c8618bb1a6ddd0ed474e62ee02cacba9e92c7346a3e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11.874067Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11.874067Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1810.01523","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"u9SgFETJ0q49uJKrsjAPZXAjkdxal9ifJULDNjnCTyOwmwhWzDNgHZrLxFLm65LpUE9XFK39okBGpstg2f3NCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T20:35:38.481481Z"},"content_sha256":"20959aa44f297396c15d9e082534b144110117c37098d3b8d7c7796133d23abb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:20959aa44f297396c15d9e082534b144110117c37098d3b8d7c7796133d23abb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Semidefinite Relaxation-Based PAPR-Aware Precoding for Massive MIMO-OFDM Systems","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"eess.SP","authors_text":"Cameron D. Patterson, Jeffrey H. Reed, Matt Carrick, Miao Yao, Munawwar M. Sohul, Vuk Marojevic","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T21:20:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"Massive MIMO requires a large number of antennas and the same amount of power amplifiers (PAs), one per antenna. As opposed to 4G base stations, which could afford highly linear PAs, next-generation base stations will need to use inexpensive PAs, which have a limited region of linear amplification. One of the research challenges is effectively handling signals which have high peak-to-average power ratios (PAPRs), such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). This paper introduces a PAPR-aware precoding scheme that exploits the excessive spatial degrees-of-freedom of large scale mu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.01523","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Lhg0no7Cqqg08DEARnreoE2MTVzeRxm7wCpJGMZd4GDa/y82lCa6XMg2Z4wG75gIkI3ML+2OWs/T/+bFfIzSBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T20:35:38.481822Z"},"content_sha256":"96aade1571bdc559e37446a05803963072cb9cea236d1a2d79c8552e9117ac4b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:96aade1571bdc559e37446a05803963072cb9cea236d1a2d79c8552e9117ac4b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-20T20:35:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCCRSDBROY2NX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"188feb80cd7d99d399556e83c77c72d62509720408f4c2f12e87cd77ae2eb084","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T21:20:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"4c514c81fcdd5069b2a23bee320d572786e007fd42492c158b6ddbcb7cc9a527"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.01523","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.01523","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.01523v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.01523","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YJ47LZ7SILY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YJ47LZ7SILY5WNCC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YJ47LZ7S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:04Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:96aade1571bdc559e37446a05803963072cb9cea236d1a2d79c8552e9117ac4b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Massive MIMO requires a large number of antennas and the same amount of power amplifiers (PAs), one per antenna. As opposed to 4G base stations, which could afford highly linear PAs, next-generation base stations will need to use inexpensive PAs, which have a limited region of linear amplification. One of the research challenges is effectively handling signals which have high peak-to-average power ratios (PAPRs), such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). This paper introduces a PAPR-aware precoding scheme that exploits the excessive spatial degrees-of-freedom of large scale mu","authors_text":"Cameron D. Patterson, Jeffrey H. Reed, Matt Carrick, Miao Yao, Munawwar M. Sohul, Vuk Marojevic","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T21:20:34Z","title":"Semidefinite Relaxation-Based PAPR-Aware Precoding for Massive MIMO-OFDM Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.01523","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:20959aa44f297396c15d9e082534b144110117c37098d3b8d7c7796133d23abb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"188feb80cd7d99d399556e83c77c72d62509720408f4c2f12e87cd77ae2eb084","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2018-10-02T21:20:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"4c514c81fcdd5069b2a23bee320d572786e007fd42492c158b6ddbcb7cc9a527"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.01523","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c279f5e7f242f1db34428c8618bb1a6ddd0ed474e62ee02cacba9e92c7346a3e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c279f5e7f242f1db34428c8618bb1a6ddd0ed474e62ee02cacba9e92c7346a3e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11.874067Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11.874067Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YxZ2aoqJKG/4CKlHoK7u51VlaJDRUDN1Zt8iQdesok/qlBzDlaS6aPuZMr+8anXEsrWRgcVBpachir4GfJUYDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:11.874751Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1810.01523","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:20959aa44f297396c15d9e082534b144110117c37098d3b8d7c7796133d23abb","sha256:96aade1571bdc559e37446a05803963072cb9cea236d1a2d79c8552e9117ac4b"],"state_sha256":"ed676ee9ccccf26a4f5835a4c9ce65db1de352e0f5421992db341e5aed2dac80"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5kuRYMlp0AjGL0+NTHW7MVse5W9MRcZI2vzIZW6KSIcY0hNZgk8TiKiBI9edFH2vlpCVUdfT0z1pQebCWz2WAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T20:35:38.483750Z","bundle_sha256":"61ec275fee2f21fc4c0d858fcab91c538cafc79f529cbc880c895ffe64c0a110"}}