{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW","short_pith_number":"pith:YK7XH2RZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.08082","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-09-15T00:52:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"4659852abfd95b8dc978b239845dbaeacca339ebaff329bfd3f0669fd6459053","abstract_canon_sha256":"2a26122e4ad4bdfb8158bcde166a83f7efbbfaee18c17328127c3c9507b771d5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c2bf73ea395a128e39701a6d3e1bd67d9e42571d09beadcf2c490122161c9a92","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.08082","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.08082","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.08082v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.08082","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YK7XH2RZLIJI","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YK7XH2RZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.08082","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-09-15T00:52:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"4659852abfd95b8dc978b239845dbaeacca339ebaff329bfd3f0669fd6459053","abstract_canon_sha256":"2a26122e4ad4bdfb8158bcde166a83f7efbbfaee18c17328127c3c9507b771d5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c2bf73ea395a128e39701a6d3e1bd67d9e42571d09beadcf2c490122161c9a92","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12.430126Z","signature_b64":"yKuXZYbNYm+0v0JMisMIyMjpyympcZCEYmxWw6GK3LuQXBPUY3PClVU8H0FYxOMR0l+2XSRVlLVugsDwSat2CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c2bf73ea395a128e39701a6d3e1bd67d9e42571d09beadcf2c490122161c9a92","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12.429734Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12.429734Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.08082","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"G+A0Q3VtlEbCeAVGwGHdAmNC/iP9LrFOkpBdZ6rgfB2a8+dArbeMr0J0Cg6qA5k21giIRdYNRoztzv7/yW3aDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T15:38:42.659078Z"},"content_sha256":"c490e2e89dd6e508c855198bc7ff7245804255c3db163702e293f74b232d2c03","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c490e2e89dd6e508c855198bc7ff7245804255c3db163702e293f74b232d2c03"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"An Attractive Proposal for Resolving the Hubble Tension: Dynamical Attractors that Unify Early and Late Dark Energy","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Jeremy Sakstein, Omar F. Ramadan, Tanvi Karwal","submitted_at":"2023-09-15T00:52:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"Early dark energy is a promising potential resolution of the Hubble tension. Unfortunately, many models suffer from the need to fine-tune their initial conditions to ensure that the epoch of early dark energy coincides with matter-radiation equality. We propose a class of attractive early dark energy models where this coincidence arises naturally as a saddle point of a dynamical system that attracts a large volume of phase-space trajectories regardless of the initial conditions. The system approaches a global dark energy attractor at late-times. Our framework therefore unifies early and late d"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.08082","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.08082/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0X71kF5Yq6Dp/NbdtG/JDaQd0Vt1/6rMf9OJf01ILL0BblUyPGj1S9cxD/W2EZtAtHo4mGr/5QNBBDkmAyJlBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T15:38:42.659610Z"},"content_sha256":"73ff9cc47f1e411662de4b9a5080024809e384702c7729f3a990ff1aff6637af","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:73ff9cc47f1e411662de4b9a5080024809e384702c7729f3a990ff1aff6637af"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-10T15:38:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQDJWT4G6WPW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2a26122e4ad4bdfb8158bcde166a83f7efbbfaee18c17328127c3c9507b771d5","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-09-15T00:52:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"4659852abfd95b8dc978b239845dbaeacca339ebaff329bfd3f0669fd6459053"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.08082","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.08082","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.08082v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.08082","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YK7XH2RZLIJI","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YK7XH2RZLIJI4OLQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YK7XH2RZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:73ff9cc47f1e411662de4b9a5080024809e384702c7729f3a990ff1aff6637af","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.08082/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Early dark energy is a promising potential resolution of the Hubble tension. Unfortunately, many models suffer from the need to fine-tune their initial conditions to ensure that the epoch of early dark energy coincides with matter-radiation equality. We propose a class of attractive early dark energy models where this coincidence arises naturally as a saddle point of a dynamical system that attracts a large volume of phase-space trajectories regardless of the initial conditions. The system approaches a global dark energy attractor at late-times. Our framework therefore unifies early and late d","authors_text":"Jeremy Sakstein, Omar F. Ramadan, Tanvi Karwal","cross_cats":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-09-15T00:52:20Z","title":"An Attractive Proposal for Resolving the Hubble Tension: Dynamical Attractors that Unify Early and Late Dark Energy"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.08082","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c490e2e89dd6e508c855198bc7ff7245804255c3db163702e293f74b232d2c03","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2a26122e4ad4bdfb8158bcde166a83f7efbbfaee18c17328127c3c9507b771d5","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc","hep-th"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-09-15T00:52:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"4659852abfd95b8dc978b239845dbaeacca339ebaff329bfd3f0669fd6459053"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.08082","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c2bf73ea395a128e39701a6d3e1bd67d9e42571d09beadcf2c490122161c9a92","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c2bf73ea395a128e39701a6d3e1bd67d9e42571d09beadcf2c490122161c9a92","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12.429734Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12.429734Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yKuXZYbNYm+0v0JMisMIyMjpyympcZCEYmxWw6GK3LuQXBPUY3PClVU8H0FYxOMR0l+2XSRVlLVugsDwSat2CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:52:12.430126Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.08082","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c490e2e89dd6e508c855198bc7ff7245804255c3db163702e293f74b232d2c03","sha256:73ff9cc47f1e411662de4b9a5080024809e384702c7729f3a990ff1aff6637af"],"state_sha256":"3ec7e118c7e48a97df4bf7dbe83617725395e371a1d5ca888da1a20f9cb33e3d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RlY0X6UOMlUw55/e+S3NgWXTnw0UXpFemaU95ozKgfpErmhJDV9DPKygFaZZVQkdIrisMw9At3A52FSfQ9ecDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-10T15:38:42.664937Z","bundle_sha256":"546a52c2986ceb57bf916de7a9908b116d88fa86cf17cda3e7b71c4d01aa5655"}}