{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB","short_pith_number":"pith:YOLSFPNO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2401.05778","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-01-11T09:29:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"c9f4f61a464504df1918aae64b5cf16b838ba5fd87a58265993953e359ae8ab8","abstract_canon_sha256":"0442d34958e04e5c08ee6c1049ef9da9d3de37d6687e2b9aa1e74fda0beeb5d6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c39722bdae61a3b9ac955fe96640323855df974081b7c1e1c9d25d13b7df57e9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2401.05778","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2401.05778","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2401.05778v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.05778","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YOLSFPNOMGR3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEV","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YOLSFPNO","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2401.05778","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-01-11T09:29:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"c9f4f61a464504df1918aae64b5cf16b838ba5fd87a58265993953e359ae8ab8","abstract_canon_sha256":"0442d34958e04e5c08ee6c1049ef9da9d3de37d6687e2b9aa1e74fda0beeb5d6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c39722bdae61a3b9ac955fe96640323855df974081b7c1e1c9d25d13b7df57e9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35.274160Z","signature_b64":"RqvEVVFFq0dsV01Fn1B8YfLwdqamGegTOXQyyK+VzM/bRBXQyMUeHK3qqkWy/JXEIxYVbJjSiBCDKhmp3hgQBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c39722bdae61a3b9ac955fe96640323855df974081b7c1e1c9d25d13b7df57e9","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35.273669Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35.273669Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2401.05778","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BhyuuEZmWrVIGfDg5rEd/wmqxCbFIK1+fF+w/TuAcJpaZ1uFer7pOC133DGkhuU4m/7qfXFasCSzNHmVQw3HCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T03:24:35.494716Z"},"content_sha256":"8f65ed00e33acc6f62e82a969dae75eaac99e30e84d4a746dd5f27f242fd475d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8f65ed00e33acc6f62e82a969dae75eaac99e30e84d4a746dd5f27f242fd475d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Risk Taxonomy, Mitigation, and Assessment Benchmarks of Large Language Model Systems","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Chuanpu Fu, Junwu Xiong, Ke Xu, Peiyang Li, Qi Li, Qinglin Zhang, Sijia Li, Tianyu Cui, Xinhao Deng, Xinyu Kong, Yanling Wang, Yong Xiao, Yunpeng Liu, Zhixing Tan, Ziyi Qiu, Zujie Wen","submitted_at":"2024-01-11T09:29:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large language models (LLMs) have strong capabilities in solving diverse natural language processing tasks. However, the safety and security issues of LLM systems have become the major obstacle to their widespread application. Many studies have extensively investigated risks in LLM systems and developed the corresponding mitigation strategies. Leading-edge enterprises such as OpenAI, Google, Meta, and Anthropic have also made lots of efforts on responsible LLMs. Therefore, there is a growing need to organize the existing studies and establish comprehensive taxonomies for the community. In this"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.05778","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2401.05778/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4sfAeMcsJg0Zl1j2c391MxvXwZhqmIGn4ECExS5AJY6oFYocXKCxdqA7CU4Fn/qz50dxvjREEWQAFWinE5HyBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T03:24:35.495340Z"},"content_sha256":"50f6810b13cfdb3bb10b79931bcf367fbc09f964ff4ea62fecf0234bdd43b61a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:50f6810b13cfdb3bb10b79931bcf367fbc09f964ff4ea62fecf0234bdd43b61a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T03:24:35Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEVL7UWMQBSHB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0442d34958e04e5c08ee6c1049ef9da9d3de37d6687e2b9aa1e74fda0beeb5d6","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-01-11T09:29:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"c9f4f61a464504df1918aae64b5cf16b838ba5fd87a58265993953e359ae8ab8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2401.05778","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2401.05778","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2401.05778v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.05778","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YOLSFPNOMGR3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YOLSFPNOMGR3TLEV","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YOLSFPNO","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:50f6810b13cfdb3bb10b79931bcf367fbc09f964ff4ea62fecf0234bdd43b61a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2401.05778/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large language models (LLMs) have strong capabilities in solving diverse natural language processing tasks. However, the safety and security issues of LLM systems have become the major obstacle to their widespread application. Many studies have extensively investigated risks in LLM systems and developed the corresponding mitigation strategies. Leading-edge enterprises such as OpenAI, Google, Meta, and Anthropic have also made lots of efforts on responsible LLMs. Therefore, there is a growing need to organize the existing studies and establish comprehensive taxonomies for the community. In this","authors_text":"Chuanpu Fu, Junwu Xiong, Ke Xu, Peiyang Li, Qi Li, Qinglin Zhang, Sijia Li, Tianyu Cui, Xinhao Deng, Xinyu Kong, Yanling Wang, Yong Xiao, Yunpeng Liu, Zhixing Tan, Ziyi Qiu, Zujie Wen","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-01-11T09:29:56Z","title":"Risk Taxonomy, Mitigation, and Assessment Benchmarks of Large Language Model Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.05778","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8f65ed00e33acc6f62e82a969dae75eaac99e30e84d4a746dd5f27f242fd475d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0442d34958e04e5c08ee6c1049ef9da9d3de37d6687e2b9aa1e74fda0beeb5d6","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-01-11T09:29:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"c9f4f61a464504df1918aae64b5cf16b838ba5fd87a58265993953e359ae8ab8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2401.05778","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c39722bdae61a3b9ac955fe96640323855df974081b7c1e1c9d25d13b7df57e9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c39722bdae61a3b9ac955fe96640323855df974081b7c1e1c9d25d13b7df57e9","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35.273669Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35.273669Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RqvEVVFFq0dsV01Fn1B8YfLwdqamGegTOXQyyK+VzM/bRBXQyMUeHK3qqkWy/JXEIxYVbJjSiBCDKhmp3hgQBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:35.274160Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2401.05778","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8f65ed00e33acc6f62e82a969dae75eaac99e30e84d4a746dd5f27f242fd475d","sha256:50f6810b13cfdb3bb10b79931bcf367fbc09f964ff4ea62fecf0234bdd43b61a"],"state_sha256":"9452d35758f7462e4e86902691ce2a812778e5085d4f2c0001374b9b37c94e76"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DL8yIBKVTIng19da6ggbSUWaAs7mzuEqAftid2eKjeTD9OCIdqdr2TtOD01MShlcsBR89S373mwMRmoxioySDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T03:24:35.503499Z","bundle_sha256":"6f3c5b711a7b945c5a7eb2694789563b5528f13df85a632df9e97ff18daadb35"}}