{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2024:YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V","short_pith_number":"pith:YP56NSH5","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"c3fbe6c8fdebcac8058714da120a47dd5d8ffb427522c49d14edfb8dbfa34455","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.03968","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Beneath the Surface: Revealing Deep-Tissue Blood Flow in Human Subjects with Massively Parallelized Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","authors_text":"Aarin Ulku, Amey Chaware, Clare Cook, Claudio Bruschini, Derrick Dwamena, Edoardo Charbon, Erin Buckley, Kanghyun Kim, Kyung Chul Lee, Lucas Kreiss, Mark Harfouche, Melissa Wu, Michael Wayne, Paul McKee, Roarke Horstmeyer, Scott Huettel, Seung Ah Lee, Shiqi Xu, Wenhui Liu, Xi Yang","submitted_at":"2024-03-06T17:26:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) allows the label-free investigation of microvascular dynamics deep within living tissue. However, common implementations of DCS are currently limited to measurement depths of $\\sim 1-1.5cm$, which can limit the accuracy of cerebral hemodynamics measurement. Here we present massively parallelized DCS (pDCS) using novel single photon avalanche detector (SPAD) arrays with up to 500x500 individual channels. The new SPAD array technology can boost the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of up to 500 compared to single-pixel DCS, or by more than 15-fold compared "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.03968","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","submitted_at":"2024-03-06T17:26:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"dba03d3b5e29ec1e6b3ad9d5cefdf7ea4ae06081c1aa2089fb75463df0934690","abstract_canon_sha256":"6e3b53c24bafa449cfc691bef0eb869179d70c8ca9e084affad1a3e2dc0996d6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.951098Z","signature_b64":"dpv7yupq01pJ0UJo+6KwoXnWy3ashiRskj0zdeIMQVgqX+Kd/ZY5tsGpwqCvBy2ko7vxq4af8n0BdzXjhqGFDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c3fbe6c8fdebcac8058714da120a47dd5d8ffb427522c49d14edfb8dbfa34455","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950624Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950624Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Beneath the Surface: Revealing Deep-Tissue Blood Flow in Human Subjects with Massively Parallelized Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","authors_text":"Aarin Ulku, Amey Chaware, Clare Cook, Claudio Bruschini, Derrick Dwamena, Edoardo Charbon, Erin Buckley, Kanghyun Kim, Kyung Chul Lee, Lucas Kreiss, Mark Harfouche, Melissa Wu, Michael Wayne, Paul McKee, Roarke Horstmeyer, Scott Huettel, Seung Ah Lee, Shiqi Xu, Wenhui Liu, Xi Yang","submitted_at":"2024-03-06T17:26:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) allows the label-free investigation of microvascular dynamics deep within living tissue. However, common implementations of DCS are currently limited to measurement depths of $\\sim 1-1.5cm$, which can limit the accuracy of cerebral hemodynamics measurement. Here we present massively parallelized DCS (pDCS) using novel single photon avalanche detector (SPAD) arrays with up to 500x500 individual channels. The new SPAD array technology can boost the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of up to 500 compared to single-pixel DCS, or by more than 15-fold compared "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.03968","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.03968/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.03968","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950678+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.03968v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950678+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.03968","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950678+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YP56NSH55PFM","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950678+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YP56NSH55PFMQBMH","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950678+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YP56NSH5","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950678+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2503.17459","citing_title":"Real-time diffuse correlation spectroscopy with a chip-based correlator for measuring human cerebral blood flow and brain function","ref_index":60,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V","json":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/YP56NSH5"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/YP56NSH5","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2403.03968&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/YP56NSH55PFMQBMHCTNBECSH3V/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950678+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T10:48:14.950678+00:00"}