{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5","short_pith_number":"pith:YPJ4B422","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2108.05921","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-12T18:42:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"95b1bb863fb5d619a71fae1f9bc3a3f5cd9652da6fc09ca9b20cb0058046824b","abstract_canon_sha256":"23a204541797aec434aafe836fda7625b6c8aea0f4ca3898784c91afb6de90a2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c3d3c0f35a207694b97c2540d429e2bf400fe5f2f2e4661c518bdcd782a838a8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2108.05921","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2108.05921","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2108.05921v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2108.05921","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YPJ4B422EB3J","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YPJ4B422","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2108.05921","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-12T18:42:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"95b1bb863fb5d619a71fae1f9bc3a3f5cd9652da6fc09ca9b20cb0058046824b","abstract_canon_sha256":"23a204541797aec434aafe836fda7625b6c8aea0f4ca3898784c91afb6de90a2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c3d3c0f35a207694b97c2540d429e2bf400fe5f2f2e4661c518bdcd782a838a8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53.425814Z","signature_b64":"BsjRQ9E2vxu4rQG/gNrEz2j/IbEoZ3j5od3WmBILwIc6nsiNm1xjg/dNOD74qyurp341Dj54tWGgjsh7MYHlCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c3d3c0f35a207694b97c2540d429e2bf400fe5f2f2e4661c518bdcd782a838a8","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53.425312Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53.425312Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2108.05921","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CJRlmInSBdD1mu9v1dOXq8y+a2d1i1A+p3XSiSLnKKr0ZddDCbLjDZbRc8AQJghUOip4DzChWJCRd6V8edXBDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T07:19:20.978647Z"},"content_sha256":"1ba5276faa11d83f64cdde0b60365874cc7863d2349b3752eb774cbb7de2060e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1ba5276faa11d83f64cdde0b60365874cc7863d2349b3752eb774cbb7de2060e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Hatemoji: A Test Suite and Adversarially-Generated Dataset for Benchmarking and Detecting Emoji-based Hate","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Bertram Vidgen, Hannah Rose Kirk, Paul R\\\"ottger, Scott A. Hale, Tristan Thrush","submitted_at":"2021-08-12T18:42:06Z","abstract_excerpt":"Detecting online hate is a complex task, and low-performing models have harmful consequences when used for sensitive applications such as content moderation. Emoji-based hate is an emerging challenge for automated detection. We present HatemojiCheck, a test suite of 3,930 short-form statements that allows us to evaluate performance on hateful language expressed with emoji. Using the test suite, we expose weaknesses in existing hate detection models. To address these weaknesses, we create the HatemojiBuild dataset using a human-and-model-in-the-loop approach. Models built with these 5,912 adver"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2108.05921","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2108.05921/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8gCvXpINzl4EIeCGU8jNjaPlEW3e/pu5tpFaNNaYU4CXlPSJzcb5eNzOUqtaH9in4pKN8GyqSZGw6PJhHVajDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T07:19:20.979133Z"},"content_sha256":"59506b11acdd2625fa2a77fd2017d43131bb09c1f4a67f88e020b4adc421fcc5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:59506b11acdd2625fa2a77fd2017d43131bb09c1f4a67f88e020b4adc421fcc5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T07:19:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4EVANIKPCX5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"23a204541797aec434aafe836fda7625b6c8aea0f4ca3898784c91afb6de90a2","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-12T18:42:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"95b1bb863fb5d619a71fae1f9bc3a3f5cd9652da6fc09ca9b20cb0058046824b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2108.05921","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2108.05921","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2108.05921v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2108.05921","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YPJ4B422EB3J","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YPJ4B422EB3JJOL4","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YPJ4B422","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:59506b11acdd2625fa2a77fd2017d43131bb09c1f4a67f88e020b4adc421fcc5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2108.05921/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Detecting online hate is a complex task, and low-performing models have harmful consequences when used for sensitive applications such as content moderation. Emoji-based hate is an emerging challenge for automated detection. We present HatemojiCheck, a test suite of 3,930 short-form statements that allows us to evaluate performance on hateful language expressed with emoji. Using the test suite, we expose weaknesses in existing hate detection models. To address these weaknesses, we create the HatemojiBuild dataset using a human-and-model-in-the-loop approach. Models built with these 5,912 adver","authors_text":"Bertram Vidgen, Hannah Rose Kirk, Paul R\\\"ottger, Scott A. Hale, Tristan Thrush","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-12T18:42:06Z","title":"Hatemoji: A Test Suite and Adversarially-Generated Dataset for Benchmarking and Detecting Emoji-based Hate"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2108.05921","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1ba5276faa11d83f64cdde0b60365874cc7863d2349b3752eb774cbb7de2060e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"23a204541797aec434aafe836fda7625b6c8aea0f4ca3898784c91afb6de90a2","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-12T18:42:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"95b1bb863fb5d619a71fae1f9bc3a3f5cd9652da6fc09ca9b20cb0058046824b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2108.05921","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"c3d3c0f35a207694b97c2540d429e2bf400fe5f2f2e4661c518bdcd782a838a8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c3d3c0f35a207694b97c2540d429e2bf400fe5f2f2e4661c518bdcd782a838a8","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53.425312Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53.425312Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BsjRQ9E2vxu4rQG/gNrEz2j/IbEoZ3j5od3WmBILwIc6nsiNm1xjg/dNOD74qyurp341Dj54tWGgjsh7MYHlCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:20:53.425814Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2108.05921","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1ba5276faa11d83f64cdde0b60365874cc7863d2349b3752eb774cbb7de2060e","sha256:59506b11acdd2625fa2a77fd2017d43131bb09c1f4a67f88e020b4adc421fcc5"],"state_sha256":"85b3f56256530ec3e042e1017bcccf0fe1b707afba5a7e3a83572d90037aafab"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7TVGO71g40qvh2OxKFZ33eFNKEnjegQ3Vzu83KEQAsCxrLC/XcTYANqK2gZJ2q2FbMVmq9eCEMJoMHDJV0UYDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T07:19:20.982600Z","bundle_sha256":"f2235a61c6d8cf943ae3f6a2835d9561dde98d44f24145e40186164ab952acbc"}}